Targeted nonviral gene therapy in prostate cancer

Abstract

Prostate cancer is the second-most widespread cancer in men worldwide. Treatment choices are limited to prostatectomy, hormonal therapy, and radiotherapy, which commonly have deleterious side effects and vary in their efficacy, depending on the stage of the disease. Among novel experimental strategies, gene therapy holds great promise for the treatment of prostate cancer. However, its use is currently limited by the lack of delivery systems able to selectively deliver the therapeutic genes to the tumors after intravenous administration without major drawbacks. To remediate this problem, a wide range of nonviral delivery approaches have been developed to specifically deliver DNA-based therapeutic agents to their site of action. This review provides an overview of the various nonviral delivery strategies and gene therapy concepts used to deliver therapeutic DNA to prostate cancer cells, and focuses on recent therapeutic advances made so far.

OTUB1 Promotes Progression and Proliferation of Prostate Cancer via Deubiquitinating and Stabling Cyclin E1

“…CRPC and mCRPC still were the trickiest trouble during diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. With the development of urology in recent years, many different treatments occurred, including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy, the overall survival rate had rase markedly (7)(8)(9). It still lacks an effective and sensitive treatment drugs for prostate cancer, especially the acute demand for novel drugs in treating CRPC (10).…”

PSMA-Targeting Redox Hyperbranched Poly (Amido Amine)-Mediated miR-133a-3p Delivery to Inhibit Bone Metastasis of Prostate Cancer

“…However, advanced prostate cancer frequently metastasizes after chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy 3 . Bone is the most common distant metastatic site in PCa, mainly due to slow blood ow through the bone marrow and abundant adhesion receptors, growth factors and cytokines [4][5][6] . Serious complications accompany bone metastasis, such as pathological fracture, hypercalcemia, nerve compression syndrome and intractable pain 7 .…”

“…Treatment mainly includes systemic treatment with endocrine therapy and chemotherapy, as well as local treatment for bone metastasis, such as surgery, radiotherapy, and bisphosphonates, which usually lead to drug resistance and harmful side effects [2,3] . The emergence of gene therapy has brought a new direction for the treatment of cancer [4,5] . The scope of gene therapy has been extended from genes to various nucleic acids such as antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), siRNA, miRNA and mRNA [6][7][8][9][10] .…”

Clinical translation of gene medicine

“…Gene therapy holds great promise for treating a wide variety of human diseases by the introduction of foreign genetic material (DNA or RNA) that can manipulate the expression of functional genes or modify malfunctioning genes. Several strategies have been tested in clinical trials, including RNA interference therapy induced by antisense oligonucleotides (ASO), short interfering RNAs (siRNA) or short hairpin RNAs (shRNA), small activating RNA (saRNA) therapy, microRNA (miRNA) therapy, mRNA therapy, DNA‐based therapy, gene editing technologies, and patient‐derived cellular gene therapy products . Substantial clinical progress in evidence‐based efficacy and safety has been reported for the treatment of inherited disorders, cancers and infectious diseases .…”