Targeting Innate Immunity to Combat Cutaneous Stress: The Vitiligo Perspective

Boniface, Katia; Passeron, Thierry; Sénéschal, Julien; Tulić, Meri K.

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.613056

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Although transcriptional analysis of vitiligo-associated gene profiles indicated a significant increase in CCL20 [ 74 ], in the mouse model of vitiligo, overexpression of CCL22 could promote the recruitment and regulatory function of Tregs, accompanied by a decreased abundance of melanocyte-specific effector T cells, and resulted in alleviating depigmentation and preventing vitiligo in mice. But a continued treatment was required for the long-term therapeutic effects [ 75 ]. A better understanding of Treg trafficking by chemoattractant molecules under oxidative stress may provide a potential therapeutic option for vitiligo treatment.…”

Section: Interaction Between Chemokines and Oxidative Stress In The Development Of Vitiligomentioning

confidence: 99%

The Promising Role of Chemokines in Vitiligo: From Oxidative Stress to the Autoimmune Response

2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Vitiligo is a common chronic autoimmune skin disorder featured with depigmented patches and underlying destruction of melanocytes in the lesional skin. Multiple factors and mechanisms have been proposed for the etiopathogenesis of vitiligo, among which oxidative stress has been widely accepted as a key factor in initiating melanocyte loss. The altered redox status caused by oxidative stress, including the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the decreased activity of the antioxidant system in the skin, surrenders the resistance of melanocytes to exogenous or endogenous stimuli and eventually impairs the normal defense mechanism, leading to the absence of melanocytes. Considering the important role of innate and adaptive immunity in vitiligo, there is mounting evidence revealing an association between oxidative stress and autoimmunity. Since the significant changes of chemokines have been documented in vitiligo in many recent studies, it has been suggested that ROS-mediated chemotactic signals are not only the biomarkers of disease progression and prognosis but also are involved in the pathogenesis of vitiligo by facilitating the innate and adaptive immune cells, especially melanocyte-specific T cells, trafficking to the lesional areas of vitiligo. In this review, we discuss the interaction between oxidative stress and autoimmune response orchestrated by chemokines, including CXCL16-CXCR6 axis, CXCL9/CXCL10-CXCR3 axis, and other altered chemokines in vitiligo, and we also try to provide insight into potential therapeutic options through targeting these pathways.

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Section: Interaction Between Chemokines and Oxidative Stress In The Development Of Vitiligomentioning

confidence: 99%

The Promising Role of Chemokines in Vitiligo: From Oxidative Stress to the Autoimmune Response

2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…28 This MDA5-MAVS-NF-κB/IRF3 signalling pathway orchestrates the secretion of CXCL10 leading to CXCR3B activation and inducing apoptosis of melanocytes. 29 Moreover, vitiligo patients show an increased presence of NK and ILC1, cells that are more liable to respond to PAMPs. 30 These data suggest a SARS-CoV-2 infection could potentially induce flares of vitiligo.…”

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confidence: 99%

Does autoimmune vitiligo protect against COVID‐19 disease?

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Luiten

Wolkerstorfer

et al. 2021

Experimental Dermatology

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The SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic has evolved to a global health problem with a dramatic morbidity and mortality rate impacting our daily life and those of many patients. While there is evidence that some diseases are associated with an increased risk for development of a more severe course of COVID‐19, little is known on protective conditions. Importantly, clearance of viral infection and protection against disease manifestation crucially depends on functional innate and adaptive immunity and the interferon signalling axis. Here, we hypothesize that patients with non‐segmental vitiligo (NSV), an autoimmune skin (and mucosal) disorder, may clear SARS‐CoV‐2 infection more efficiently and have a lower risk of COVID‐19 development. Conversely, in case of COVID‐19 development, vitiligo autoimmunity may influence the cytokine storm‐related disease burden. In addition, immune activation during SARS‐CoV‐2 infection or COVID‐19 disease might increase vitiligo disease activity. Our hypothesis is based on the shift of the immune system in NSV towards adaptive type 1 (IFNγ and CD8 T cells) and innate immune responses. Identified susceptibility genes of NSV patients may further confer increased antiviral activity. To validate our hypothesis, we suggest an international consortium to perform a retrospective data registry and patient‐reported study on a large number of NSV patients worldwide during the COVID‐19 pandemic.

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“…To date, vitiligo is still recognized as a puzzling skin disease that involves different key players leading finally to melanocyte destruction [ 12 ]. Based on a systematic meta-analysis, vitiligo was reported as a highly prevalent disease in Africa [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TLR4 gene polymorphisms in Egyptian vitiligo patients: insights into emerging association with clinical activity, family history, and response to therapy

Abdel‐Salam

Allam

Zohdy

et al. 2021

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

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Background Vitiligo is a common pigmentary disorder in which autoimmunity has been suggested to play an important role. Toll-like receptor (TLR) family are recognized different molecular structures expressed on immune cells and have been implicated in a number of autoimmune diseases (AIDs) such as vitiligo. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible association between TLR4 gene polymorphisms: rs11536858, rs1927911, rs1927914 in Egyptian vitiligo patients and their clinical data, their response to therapy. Using PCR-RFLP for TLR4 gene polymorphisms (rs11536858, rs1927911, and rs1927914), both alleles and genotypes were determined after extraction of DNA in a case-control study of 100 vitiligo Egyptian patients and 100 matched age and sex controls. Results The distribution of the protective CT genotype of rs1927914 was higher in the control group. After dividing both patients and controls into 2 age groups (below 18 and above 18 years), no significant associations between the genotypes of the selected TLR4 SNPs and the demographic and clinical data of the vitiligo patients in group 1 (below 18 years) were observed. For group 2 (above 18 years), also no significant associations were found except for the association between the CC genotype of rs1927914 and psychiatric trauma, from one side, and between the CT genotype of rs1927911 and alopecia, from the other side. The association between combined genotypes and the risk of vitiligo showed either higher frequency in patients (risky), or controls (protective), and some equal frequencies (non-significant). The association between haplotypes and risk of vitiligo in patients’ group revealed the highest frequency for the risky ATT and the least frequency for ATC haplotypes. In control group, the protective GCT haplotype showed the highest frequency while the GTC and GCC showed the least frequency. No significant correlations of haplotypes with clinical and demographic data of selected patients’ group were observed apart from that between ACC haplotype and family history of AIDs and between ATT haplotype and remission after phototherapy. Conclusions The significant relationship between TLR4 gene polymorphisms and vitiligo patients charcteristics clarify the role of innate immunity in pathogensis of vitiligo and its effect on the used therapies.

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Targeting Innate Immunity to Combat Cutaneous Stress: The Vitiligo Perspective

Cited by 27 publications

References 72 publications

The Promising Role of Chemokines in Vitiligo: From Oxidative Stress to the Autoimmune Response

The Promising Role of Chemokines in Vitiligo: From Oxidative Stress to the Autoimmune Response

Does autoimmune vitiligo protect against COVID‐19 disease?

TLR4 gene polymorphisms in Egyptian vitiligo patients: insights into emerging association with clinical activity, family history, and response to therapy

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