Task profile and risk of occupational hepatitis A infection in sewerage workers

Nuebling, Matthias; Hofmann, Friedrich

doi:10.1007/s004200100261

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Qualitative methodologies for EvBRs were found in scientific articles, the grey literature, and in the form of computing references. In the large majority of cases, these methods combined "workstation analysis" as the main method with "analysis by risk level" as a secondary method [64][65][66][68][69][70]72,73,77,81,82]. Two other sources included a third type of analysis, which were classed as "systemic analysis" when it related to failure-mode, effects, and criticality analysis (FMECA) [69] or an "analysis of conformity" [82].…”

Section: Methodologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proportions of approaches presented as a method (44%) [43,67,71,[74][75][76][78][79][80][83][84][85][86][87] or a methodology (56%) [64][65][66][68][69][70]72,73,77,81,82] were similar.…”

Section: Nature Of Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Subjective: the determinant is imprecisely defined and can be interpreted differently depending on the individual [65,66,68,77,81]. For example, the frequency of exposure can be qualified as "low" or "high.…”

Section: Description Of the Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Workplace Biological Risk Assessment: Review of Existing and Description of a Comprehensive Approach

et al. 2020

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Biological risks potentially affect workers in multiple occupational sectors through their exposure to pathogenic agents. These risks must be carefully assessed to prevent adverse health effects. This article identifies and critically analyzes approaches that manage the qualitative evaluation of biological risk (EvBR) as part of occupational health and safety prevention, for which no standard method yet exists. Bibliographic and computing references were searched to identify qualitative EvBR approaches, which were then analyzed based on defined criteria, such as the risks studied and the type of assessment. Approaches proposing the most representative types of assessment were analyzed. EvBR approaches in an occupational setting were identified in 32 sources. “Workstation analysis” combined with “assessment by risk level” were the most common approaches. The predominant risk descriptors (RDs) were defined in a characterized and quantifiable way, and a variety of hazard levels and exposure indices were created. Overall, the risk was determined by summing or multiplying the hazard level and exposure indicators. The results confirmed that no methodological consensus currently exists regarding the EvBR and no approach has yet been described that integrates all the parameters to allow for a full assessment of biological risk. Based on the detailed analysis of the existing data, the present paper proposes a general approach.

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Section: Methodologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nature Of Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

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Workplace Biological Risk Assessment: Review of Existing and Description of a Comprehensive Approach

et al. 2020

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“…In Europe the seroprevalence has decreased rapidly during the last decades.Values of < 10% are currently observed in the younger generation. Tourists and other travelers to endemic regions [11][12][13][14], food handlers [15][16][17], sewage and (probably) sewage workers [18][19][20], and some other smaller groups are considered as risk groups. Health care workers and personnel of day care centers are also at higher risk for infections with HAV [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational Risk for Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E among Health Care Professionals?

2002

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“…The virus is shed in high concentrations in the stool of acutely infected individuals and it can survive in moist environments for weeks to months. Data regarding the risk of association of HAV and sewage exposure were conflicting, with the majority denying such an association [15][16][17] . Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis, with a wide range of clinical manifestations, but asymptomatic infections are the most common [18] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection hazard of exposure to intestinal parasites, H. pylori and hepatitis viruses among municipal sewage workers: a neglect high risk population

Hassanein

Masoud²,

Shehata

2019

Parasitologists United Journal

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Background: Waste water may contain pathogenic human and animal excreta-derived microorganisms that can cause infections. Municipal sewage workers are a relevant neglected high-risk population especially in the absence of effective protective equipment and lack of hygienic practices mainly washing hands. Objective: The present study aims to assess the hazards of infection with microorganisms among municipal sewage workers as a neglected population, besides those infections that maybe acquired via sources other than their occupational hazard. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on sewage workers from different sectors in Alexandria Governorate, Egypt. Collected stool samples were subjected to the following techniques; Kato-Katz, ether concentration, Jones' Media culture, modified Ziehl-Neelsen, and quick hot Gram-chromotrope staining. Stool samples were also tested for Helicobacter pylori antigen (H. pylori Ag). Serum was separated for detection of viral hepatitis C antibodies (HCV Ab), and HBV surface antigen (HBVs Ag). Results: Out of the 410 examined workers, 289 (70.5%) were infected; among them 111 (38.4%) had mixed infections. It was found that 56.8%, and 31.2% harbored intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) and H. pylori, respectively; and 12.2% had hepatitis mainly HCV (9.8%). Protozoal infections amounted to 54.6%, and only 5.9% had helminthic infections. Blastocystis spp. was the most prevalent parasite (46.8%) followed by Cryptosporidium spp., Entamoeba histolytica/dispar and Microsporidium spp. (15.6%, 11.7%, and 7.8%, respectively). Almost equal percentages were recorded for single IPI and multiple infections (28.3%and 28,5% respectively). Significantly higher rates of IPIs and H. pylori were observed among workers who were in frequent contact with sewage. Also, IPIs were statistically higher among young workers (<40 years), while hepatitis was significantly more prevalent among those from rural areas. Conclusion: Although almost all the detected microbiological infectious hazards can affect sewage workers via sources other than their occupational hazard, our findings call for the importance of self-protection measures that should be in association with regular medical investigation and treatment. inTRoduCTion Water-borne diseases are associated with lack of safe sanitation practices [1]. Waste water treatment plant (WWTP) workers are obliged to work in harsh and dirty conditions as it is difficult to maintain good hygienic practices and very difficult to avoid accidental contact with sewage [2]. Hazards include chemicals that enter sewage treatment plants as industrial effluents, as well as pathogenic microorganisms found in sewage sludge. Waste water treatment (WWT) results in the generation of aerosols containing chemicals, microorganisms, and solvent vapors [3]. Related symptoms have been reported among sewage workers, including eye and nose irritation, lower airway and skin symptoms, headache, fatigue, and dizziness [4]. An increase in the risk of asthma as well as decreas...

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Task profile and risk of occupational hepatitis A infection in sewerage workers

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Workplace Biological Risk Assessment: Review of Existing and Description of a Comprehensive Approach

Workplace Biological Risk Assessment: Review of Existing and Description of a Comprehensive Approach

Occupational Risk for Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E among Health Care Professionals?

Infection hazard of exposure to intestinal parasites, H. pylori and hepatitis viruses among municipal sewage workers: a neglect high risk population

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