Taste Display that Reproduces Tastes Measured by a Taste Sensor

Abstract

Aiming for the creation and development of taste media, a taste display was developed in this study that can reproduce tastes measured using taste sensors. By performing iontophoresis on five gels, which contain dissolved electrolytes that reproduce the five basic tastes, the quantity of ions that contact the tongue was controlled. A tasteless gel was added, so that the sum of the currents flowing in the six gels could be kept constant, ensuring a uniform amount of stimulation on the tongue. The measured tastes could be successfully reproduced through calibration, in which the indicated taste levels were matched with the taste-sensor measurements. Furthermore, video-editing software was adapted to edit taste information as well as recorded audio and video. In addition, effector and equalizer prototypes were built that can not only reproduce the recorded tastes in their original states but also adjust the tastes to match individual preferences.

Nonverbal Cues in Human–Robot Interaction: A Communication Studies Perspective

“…Also, certain medical conditions, such as "long COVID," involve a loss of taste [147]. Some research has experimented with taste displays that can reproduce the five basic taste modalities using gels [148,149]. Integrating this technology into feeding robots could enhance or alter the taste of food according to patient preferences to stimulate appetite and ensure patients receive the necessary amount and balance of nutritious food.…”

Digital Taste in Mulsemedia Augmented Reality: Perspective on Developments and Challenges

“…To reproduce preexisting tastes, the initial step would be to record them with a biomimetic device called the 'e-tongue' that tests the concentration of taste-contributing electrolytic ions and outputs and stores the results in digital format [23]. A system that uses ion electrophoresis to emulate taste using six different electrolytes (five to emulate the five basic taste properties and one for control and current regulation) was coupled with taste-measuring instrumentation and a software GUI (graphical user interface) to reproduce the taste of pre-existing substances [24].…”

“…6 [24] Taste display that reproduces tastes measured by a taste sensor Software GUI that controls a 5-channel GTS module that is capable of reproducing any taste and calibrating it.…”

A microfluidic sensor for continuously measuring membrane potential changes in interactions between taste substances and lipid polymer membranes

“…2,3) In recent years, biosensors based on olfactory and taste receptors have been developed. [4][5][6][7] In addition, devices that present chemical sensations, such as olfactory [8][9][10] and taste displays, 11,12) have been produced, and the development of sensors that can detect smells and tastes to produce digital information 13) is an important element of these technologies.…”