Taurine Supplementation as a Neuroprotective Strategy upon Brain Dysfunction in Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes

Rafiee, Zeinab; García-Serrano, Alba M.; Duarte, João M. N.

doi:10.3390/nu14061292

Cited by 51 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 221 publications

(263 reference statements)

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“…According to the webpage (accessed on 18 October 2022), no clinical trial is currently examining the effects of taurine in dementia. However, there is a registered randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled clinical trial comparing effects of taurine supplementation on cognitive function in patients with diabetes, but unfortunately the state of the study is unknown [ 250 ]. Although not yet tested in humans with AD, taurine can be considered as a promising therapeutic candidate for AD.…”

Section: Astrocytes As a Therapeutic Target: Treatment And Neuroprote...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Astrocytes as a Therapeutic Target in Alzheimer’s Disease–Comprehensive Review and Recent Developments

Rodríguez-Giraldo

González-Reyes

Ramírez-Guerrero

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a frequent and disabling neurodegenerative disorder, in which astrocytes participate in several pathophysiological processes including neuroinflammation, excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and lipid metabolism (along with a critical role in apolipoprotein E function). Current evidence shows that astrocytes have both neuroprotective and neurotoxic effects depending on the disease stage and microenvironmental factors. Furthermore, astrocytes appear to be affected by the presence of amyloid-beta (Aβ), with alterations in calcium levels, gliotransmission and proinflammatory activity via RAGE-NF-κB pathway. In addition, astrocytes play an important role in the metabolism of tau and clearance of Aβ through the glymphatic system. In this review, we will discuss novel pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments focused on astrocytes as therapeutic targets for AD. These interventions include effects on anti-inflammatory/antioxidant systems, glutamate activity, lipid metabolism, neurovascular coupling and glymphatic system, calcium dysregulation, and in the release of peptides which affects glial and neuronal function. According to the AD stage, these therapies may be of benefit in either preventing or delaying the progression of the disease.

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Section: Astrocytes As a Therapeutic Target: Treatment And Neuroprote...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Astrocytes as a Therapeutic Target in Alzheimer’s Disease–Comprehensive Review and Recent Developments

Rodríguez-Giraldo

González-Reyes

Ramírez-Guerrero

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…У женщин с доброкачественными поражениями молочной железы концентрация таурина в плазме крови обычно ниже (от 18 до 31 мкмоль/л), чем у здоровых (от 46 до 70 мкмоль/л) [20]. Снижение уровня таурина в крови на 23-40% наблюдается у пациентов с болезнью Альцгеймера, по сравнению с лицами без нейродегенеративных симптомов [21]. Концентрация таурина в плазме крови отрицательно ассоциируется с риском развития гестационного диабета: у беременных женщин с концентрацией таурина в плазме крови в низком и среднем тертилях он развивался чаще [22].…”

Section: гастроэнтерологияunclassified

Functional ingredient taurine: adequate and clinically effective doses

2022

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Taurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid. Taurine is necessary for the conjugation of bile acids, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties, acts as an anti-apoptotic factor; cell membrane stabilizer; regulator of Ca2+ signaling, fluid homeostasis in cells, retinal photoreceptor activity; contributes to osmoregulation and conduction in the nervous and muscular systems; a neurodevelopmental stimulant; and an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Taurine is not only synthesized from cysteine and methionine, but also comes from food. Taurine intake is 40–400 mg/day. The main food sources are animal products: shellfish, fish, meat. Taurine is part of breast milk and adapted milk formulas for the nutrition of young children. Under stress and some diseases, the endogenous synthesis of taurine is reduced. The risk groups for taurine deficiency include people who follow a vegetarian diet and observe religious fasts. There are a number of products in which taurine is added: specialized food products (SF) and food supplements (FS) contain 60–1200 mg of taurine per serving, energy drinks – 300–400 mg per 100 ml. The clinical effects of taurine in diabetes mellitus, heart failure are manifested when it is included in diet therapy in doses of 1.5–3 g for 2–16 weeks. Even the maximum doses allowed for use as part of SFP and dietary supplements are significantly less than the doses that ensure the achievement of a clinical effect, which does not guarantee the expected result when using SF.

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“…[ 15 ] Taurine is reportedly abundant in the central nervous system where it constitutes the major component of electrically excitable tissues and elicits neuromodulatory effect during normal conditions and metabolic diseases. [ 16 ] In humans, the hepatic biosynthetic ability of taurine via oxidative decarboxylation of cysteine is reportedly high in prenatal life but decreases gradually with age and some pathological conditions namely sepsis, trauma to name a few. [ 17 ] Thus, exogenous dietary sources of taurine from sea foods and supplements are necessary because taurine exhibits several beneficial health effects functions namely anti‐inflammatory, membrane stabilization, anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant and activities, and neuroprotective effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amelioration of neurobehavioral, biochemical, and morphological alterations associated with silver nanoparticles exposure by taurine in rats

Njoku,

Ileola‐Gold,

Adelaja

et al. 2023

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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The adverse effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the nervous system is an emerging concern of public interest globally. Taurine, an essential amino acid required for neurogenesis in the nervous system, is well‐documented to possess antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities. Yet, there is no report in the literature on the effect of taurine on neurotoxicity related to AgNPs exposure. Here, we investigated the neurobehavioral and biochemical responses associated with coexposure to AgNPs (200 µg/kg body weight) and taurine (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight) in rats. Locomotor incompetence, motor deficits, and anxiogenic‐like behavior induced by AgNPs were significantly alleviated by both doses of taurine. Taurine administration enhanced exploratory behavior typified by increased track plot densities with diminished heat maps intensity in AgNPs‐treated rats. Biochemical data indicated that the reduction in cerebral and cerebellar acetylcholinesterase activity, antioxidant enzyme activities, and glutathione level by AgNPs treatment were markedly upturned by both doses of taurine. The significant abatement in cerebral and cerebellar oxidative stress indices namely reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, hydrogen peroxide, and lipid peroxidation was evident in rats cotreated with AgNPs and taurine. Further, taurine administration abated nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha levels cum myeloperoxidase and caspase‐3 activities in AgNPs‐treated rats. Amelioration of AgNPs‐induced neurotoxicity by taurine was confirmed by histochemical staining and histomorphometry. In conclusion, taurine via attenuation of oxido‐inflammatory stress and caspase‐3 activation protected against neurotoxicity induced by AgNPs in rats.

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Taurine Supplementation as a Neuroprotective Strategy upon Brain Dysfunction in Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes

Cited by 51 publications

References 221 publications

Astrocytes as a Therapeutic Target in Alzheimer’s Disease–Comprehensive Review and Recent Developments

Astrocytes as a Therapeutic Target in Alzheimer’s Disease–Comprehensive Review and Recent Developments

Functional ingredient taurine: adequate and clinically effective doses

Amelioration of neurobehavioral, biochemical, and morphological alterations associated with silver nanoparticles exposure by taurine in rats

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