Taxon mapping exemplifies punctuated equilibrium and atavistic saltation

Zander, Richard H.

doi:10.1007/s00606-010-0281-6

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…2008 ). Species are thus stable for many years (punctuated equilibria), and may then speciate under certain circumstances ( Gould and Eldredge, 1977 , Gould and Eldredge, 1993 , Zander, 2010 ). Thus, selection can not only work at the individual level but also at the species level ( Gould 1998 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For many years sequencing of household and other genes has been used solely to develop a cladification of isolates or species using the DNA sequence-based phylogenetic species recognition approach based on concordance of multiple gene genealogies ( Taylor et al. 2000 ), but this approach does not take into account anagenesis ( Mayr, 1981 , Mayr, 1995 ), the functional phenotype ( Rollo 1994 ) or epigenetics ( Zander 2010 ). Thus, a polyphasic approach to taxonomy using symplesiomorphies, synapomorphies, and autapomorphies in conjunction with quantitative ecophysiological characters and sequence-based analyses appears to be an effective approach to discover species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Classification of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and related genera (Eurotiales): An overview of families, genera, subgenera, sections, series and species

Houbraken¹,

Kocsubé²,

Visagie³

et al. 2020

Studies in Mycology

402

458

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The Eurotiales is a relatively large order of Ascomycetes with members frequently having positive and negative impact on human activities. Species within this order gain attention from various research fields such as food, indoor and medical mycology and biotechnology. In this article we give an overview of families and genera present in the Eurotiales and introduce an updated subgeneric, sectional and series classification for Aspergillus and Penicillium . Finally, a comprehensive list of accepted species in the Eurotiales is given. The classification of the Eurotiales at family and genus level is traditionally based on phenotypic characters, and this classification has since been challenged using sequence-based approaches. Here, we re-evaluated the relationships between families and genera of the Eurotiales using a nine-gene sequence dataset. Based on this analysis, the new family Penicillaginaceae is introduced and four known families are accepted: Aspergillaceae , Elaphomycetaceae , Thermoascaceae and Trichocomaceae . The Eurotiales includes 28 genera: 15 genera are accommodated in the Aspergillaceae ( Aspergillago , Aspergillus , Evansstolkia , Hamigera , Leiothecium , Monascus , Penicilliopsis , Penicillium , Phialomyces , Pseudohamigera , Pseudopenicillium , Sclerocleista , Warcupiella , Xerochrysium and Xeromyces ), eight in the Trichocomaceae ( Acidotalaromyces , Ascospirella , Dendrosphaera , Rasamsonia , Sagenomella , Talaromyces , Thermomyces , Trichocoma ), two in the Thermoascaceae ( Paecilomyces , Thermoascus ) and one in the Penicillaginaceae ( Penicillago ). The classification of the Elaphomycetaceae was not part of this study, but according to literature two genera are present in this family ( Elaphomyces and Pseudotulostoma ). The use of an infrageneric classification system has a long tradition in Aspergillus and Penicillium . Most recent taxonomic studies focused on the sectional l...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and related genera (Eurotiales): An overview of families, genera, subgenera, sections, series and species

Houbraken¹,

Kocsubé²,

Visagie³

et al. 2020

Studies in Mycology

402

458

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Finally, our previous analyses of architectural transitions among the rhizomorphic lycopsids were a major impetus to our development of a modern theory of saltational evolution, defined as “a genetic modification that is expressed as a profound phenotypic change across a single generation and results in a potentially independent evolutionary lineage” (Bateman, 1994; Bateman and DiMichele, 1994, 2002). The idea of a nongradualistic framework for macroevolution has since progressively accumulated adherents (e.g., Rutishauser, 1995; Carrión and Cabezudo, 2003; Vergara‐Silva, 2003; Theißen, 2006, 2009; Ziermann et al, 2009; Zander 2010; Reuveni and Giuliani, 2012; Rosenblum et al, 2012), and we remain committed to its basic principles. In the case of the multiple transitions from dominant lateral branching to exclusive crown‐branching that are the focus of this paper, it is extremely difficult to envisage a mechanism that would allow a transition from one architecture to the other that was gradual.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth habit of the late Paleozoic rhizomorphic tree‐lycopsid family Diaphorodendraceae: Phylogenetic, evolutionary, and paleoecological significance

DiMichele

Elrick

Bateman

2013

American J of Botany

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This discovery identifies the plagiotropic growth habit, dominated by serial lateral branches, as ubiquitous in the Diaphorodendraceae and also as unequivocally primitive within Isoetales s.l., a conclusion supported by both the revised morphological cladistic analysis and relative first appearances of taxa in the fossil record. Previously assumed complete homology between crown branching in Lepidodendraceae and that of all earlier-divergent genera requires reassessment. Saltational phenotypic transitions via modification of key developmental switches remains the most credible explanation for architectural evolution in the group. The resulting architecture allowed Diaphorodendraceae to co-dominate disturbed, clastic, equatorial wetlands from the Asbian to the Early Permian.

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“…It is no surprise that practice-oriented taxonomists (Brummitt, 2002(Brummitt, , 2006(Brummitt, , 2008Farjon, 2005Farjon, , 2007 and users (Brickell & al., 2008;Yoon, 2009) are hesitant to accept classifications that admit only holophyletic taxa. For a better visualization of the evolutionary status of a class in relation to a tree, "Besseyan cactus trees" (Zander, 2008) or a recently proposed method of mapping a taxon onto a phylogenetic tree (Zander, 2010) can be helpful. However, we do not advocate any automatization in classification of paraphyletic (or holophyletic) taxa; each case has to be judged carefully on its own merits.…”

Section: Criteria and Methods For Evolutionary Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paraphyletic groups as natural units of biological classification

Hörandl

Stuessy

2010

TAXON

145

110

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Despite the broad acceptance of phylogenetic principles in biological classification, a fundamental question still exists on how to classify paraphyletic groups. Much of the controversy appears due to (1) historical shifts in terminology and definitions, (2) neglect of focusing on evolutionary processes for understanding origins of natural taxa, (3) a narrow perspective on dimensions involved with reconstructing phylogeny, and (4) acceptance of lower levels of information content and practicability as a trade‐off for ease of arriving at formal classifications. Monophyly in evolutionary biology originally had a broader definition, that of describing a group with common ancestry. This definition thus includes both paraphyletic and monophyletic groups in the sense of Hennig. We advocate returning to a broader definition, supporting use of Ashlock's term holophyly as replacement for monophyly s.str. By reviewing processes involved in the production of phylogenetic patterns (budding, merging, and splitting), we demonstrate that paraphyly is a natural transitional stage in the evolution of taxa, and that it occurs regularly along with holophyly. When a new holophyletic group arises, it usually coexists for some time with its paraphyletic stem group. Paraphyly and holophyly, therefore, represent relational and temporal evolutionary stages. Paraphyletic groups exist at all levels of diversification in all kingdoms of eukaryotes, and they have traditionally been recognized because of their descent‐based similarity. We review different methodological approaches for recognition of monophyletic groups s.l. (i.e., both holophyletic and paraphyletic), which are essential for discriminating from polyphyly that is unacceptable in classification. For arriving at taxonomic decisions, natural processes, information content, and practicability are essential criteria. We stress using shared descent as a primary grouping principle, but also emphasize the importance of degrees of divergence plus similarity (cohesiveness of evolutionary features) as additional criteria for classification.

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Taxon mapping exemplifies punctuated equilibrium and atavistic saltation

Cited by 12 publications

References 165 publications

Classification of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and related genera (Eurotiales): An overview of families, genera, subgenera, sections, series and species

Classification of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and related genera (Eurotiales): An overview of families, genera, subgenera, sections, series and species

Growth habit of the late Paleozoic rhizomorphic tree‐lycopsid family Diaphorodendraceae: Phylogenetic, evolutionary, and paleoecological significance

Paraphyletic groups as natural units of biological classification

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