“…The distribution of Parnassia species in the Pan-Himalayan region often overlaps, and considerable morphological variation may occur within the same species. Scholars often have a different understanding of taxonomic traits, which led to different opinions about the infrageneric classification of the genus, including different ranks as section and series (Drude, 1875;Franchet, 1897;Engler, 1930;Handel-Mazzetti, 1941;Ku, 1987;Wu, 2003Wu, , 2005Shu, 2017), and a plethora of taxonomic revisions (Turner and Veldkamp, 2001;Wu et al, 2004Wu et al, , 2008Wu et al, , 2009Shu andZhang, 2016, 2017;Wang et al, 2018;Yu et al, 2018;Ma et al, 2020;Dai et al, 2021). However, most of these investigations were based on morphological characters and need to be validated with molecular phylogenetic studies.…”