TD 2621 - A Relação entre o Crescimento Econômico e as Desigualdades Regionais no Brasil

Abstract

Este trabalho estima a dispersão do PIB per capita entre os municípios brasileiros, de 1920 a 2016, e entre os estados, de 1939 a 2017, pelo cálculo do índice de Gini. Os resultados confirmam a hipótese de Williamson (1965), de que a dinâmica das desigualdades regionais descrevem uma forma de U invertido ao longo do desenvolvimento econômico nacional, com um pico da desigualdade no ano de 1970. Cálculos para cada uma das cinco macrorregiões brasileiras mostram diferenças importantes entre suas dinâmicas, e a decomposição do índice de Gini revelou grandes mudanças nas posições de riqueza entre os municípios, no período entre 1920 e 1970.

Relatedness and regional economic complexity: Good news for some, bad news for others

“…Their findings underscored the lack of convergence and spatial dependence among municipalities, elucidating the persistence of inequalities and the clustering of impoverished areas in less developed regions of the country. However, more recent studies, such as those by Neto (2014) and Magalhaes and Alves (2021), suggest an improvement in the scenario, particularly from the 2000s onward. Nevertheless, Magalhaes and Alves (2021) contend that this improvement does not translate into low levels of regional inequality, highlighting the enduring structural challenge of fostering sustained and less unequal national development.…”

“…However, more recent studies, such as those by Neto (2014) and Magalhaes and Alves (2021), suggest an improvement in the scenario, particularly from the 2000s onward. Nevertheless, Magalhaes and Alves (2021) contend that this improvement does not translate into low levels of regional inequality, highlighting the enduring structural challenge of fostering sustained and less unequal national development.…”

Single-Month Unemployment Rate Estimates for the Brazilian Labour Force Survey Using State-Space Models

“…The country is composed of 27 states (including the Federal District, which is a hybrid state‐municipality) grouped into five major regions (South, Southeast, Midwest, Northeast and North), marked by social and economic differences (Magalhães & Alves, 2021). The Southeast is the most populated region (approximately 89 million residents in 2020) and comprises the states with the highest gross domestic product (GDP), while the North is the least populated region (approx.…”