Tea brewed in traditional metallic teapots as a significant source of lead, nickel and other chemical elements

Bolle, Fabien; Brian, Wendy; Petit, D.; Boutakhrit, Khalid; Feraille, Guillaume; Loco, Joris Van

doi:10.1080/19440049.2011.580010

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Bolle et al (2011) found 0.07–3.5 mg Al/L in aqueous citric acid (1 g/L at pH 2.7 to simulate commercial lyophilized teas with lemon) extracts (30 min on a heated hotplate) from traditional Indian and Moroccan brass teapots. Demont and associates (2012) measured Al migration from glazed ceramic pots at up to 90 mg/L into pH 2.37–3.63 aqueous citric, acetic or maleic acids at 22° C.…”

Section: Environmental and Occupational Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of potential health risks posed by pharmaceutical, occupational and consumer exposures to metallic and nanoscale aluminum, aluminum oxides, aluminum hydroxide and its soluble salts

Willhite¹,

Karyakina²,

Yokel³

et al. 2014

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

339

201

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Aluminum (Al) is a ubiquitous substance encountered both naturally (as the third most abundant element) and intentionally (used in water, foods, pharmaceuticals, and vaccines); it is also present in ambient and occupational airborne particulates. Existing data underscore the importance of Al physical and chemical forms in relation to its uptake, accumulation, and systemic bioavailability.Address for correspondence: Calvin C. Willhite, Risk Sciences International, 55 Metcalfe Street, Suite 700, Ottawa, ON, Canada. calvinwillhite@hotmail.com. Declaration of interestPartial funding for this work was provided by a contract to review the recent scientific literature on health effects of aluminum between the International Aluminium Institute (IAI, www.world-aluminium.org), the Aluminium Reach Consortium (ARC, www.aluminium-reach-consortium.eu), and Risk Sciences International (RSI, www.risksciences.com), a Canadian company established in 2006 in partnership with the University of Ottawa. Additional financial support was provided by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) to D. Krewski, who holds the NSERC Chair in Risk Science at the University of Ottawa. C.C. Willhite, N.A. Karyakina, F. Momoli, and N. Yenugadhati were compensated by RSI for their contributions to the review. I. Arnold, T. Wisniewski and R. Yokel received no compensation from RSI for their contributions to this work. The authors, whose affiliations are shown on the title page, had sole responsibility for preparation of this paper, including determining the strategy for reviewing the scientific literature summarized in this article, synthesizing the findings, and drawing conclusions. Scientists associated with IAI/ARC were given the opportunity to review and offer technical comments on the paper, prior to submission to Critical Reviews in Toxicology. I. Arnold serves as a consultant to the International Aluminium Institute. None of the authors have appeared before regulatory agencies on behalf of the sponsors, or appeared as experts in legal proceedings concerning matters reviewed in this paper. The scientific opinions and conclusions expressed in the paper are exclusively those of the authors, and are independent of the sources of financial support. HHS Public Access Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author ManuscriptThe present review represents a systematic examination of the peer-reviewed literature on the adverse health effects of Al materials published since a previous critical evaluation compiled by Krewski et al. (2007). The scientific literature on the adverse health effects of Al is extensive. Health risk assessments for Al must take into account individual co-factors (e.g., age, renal function, diet, gastric pH). Conclusions from the current review point to the need for refinement of the PTWI, reduction of Al contamination in PN solutions, justification for routine addition of Al to vaccines, and harmonization of OELs for Al substances.

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Section: Environmental and Occupational Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of potential health risks posed by pharmaceutical, occupational and consumer exposures to metallic and nanoscale aluminum, aluminum oxides, aluminum hydroxide and its soluble salts

Willhite¹,

Karyakina²,

Yokel³

et al. 2014

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

339

201

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“…As had previously been reported by Flint and Packirisamy (1995), also Berg et al (2000) observed a decrease of Ni release to water with use. Bolle et al (2011) detected a relatively high release of Ni into tea infusions -up to a few mg/L for a contact time of 30 minutes at boiling temperature -from brass teapots in which Ni was in general present at percent fraction level. Ni release increased even remarkably when plain tea was replaced with tea containing citric acid or with a citric acid solution (1 g/L).…”

Section: Nickel Release Into Food During Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the risks to public health related to the presence of nickel in food and drinking water

Publication¹

2015

EFS2

119

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EFSA received a request from the Hellenic Food Authority (EFET) for a scientific opinion on the risk to human health from the presence of nickel (Ni) in food, particularly in vegetables. The EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM Panel) decided to extend the risk assessment also to drinking water. The reproductive and developmental toxicity in experimental animals was selected as the critical effect for the assessment of chronic effects of Ni. A tolerable daily intake of 2.8 µg Ni/kg body weight (b.w.) per day was derived from a lower 95 % confidence limit for a benchmark dose at 10 % extra risk (BMDL 10 ) of 0.28 mg/kg b.w. for post-implantation fetal loss in rats. The current dietary exposure to Ni raises concern when considering the mean and 95th percentile chronic exposure levels for all different age groups. The systemic contact dermatitis (SCD) elicited in Ni-sensitive humans after oral exposure to Ni was selected as the critical effect suitable for the assessment of acute effects of Ni. A lowest BMDL 10 of 1.1 µg Ni/kg b.w. was derived for the incidence of SCD following oral exposure to Ni of human volunteers. The CONTAM Panel applied a margin of exposure (MOE) approach and considered an MOE of 10 to be indicative of a low health concern. The MOEs calculated considering the estimated mean and the 95th percentile acute exposure levels were considerably below 10 for all age groups. Overall, the CONTAM Panel concluded that, at the current levels of acute dietary exposure to Ni, there is a concern that Ni-sensitized individuals may develop eczematous flare-up skin reactions. The CONTAM Panel noted the need for mechanistic studies to assess the human relevance of the effects on reproduction and development observed in experimental animals and for additional studies on human absorption of nickel from food, for example in combination with duplicate diet studies. Following a call for data on Ni levels in food and drinking water (water intended for human consumption and mineral waters), a total of 18 885 food samples and 25 700 drinking water samples were available in the final dataset to estimate dietary exposure to nickel. No speciation data were provided. Samples were collected between 2003 and 2012 in 15 different European countries, with almost 80 % of the total collected in one Member State. The most reported analytical methods were inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), that represented 54 % and 42 % of the methods reported, respectively. The highest sensitivity was reported for the analysis of drinking water with a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.001 µg/L (for both ICP-MS and AAS). In food, ICP-MS showed the lowest LOQ for the analysis of 'Alcoholic beverages' (0.002 µg/kg) while the lowest LOQ reported with AAS was 1 µg/kg for samples of 'Fish and seafood' and 'Sugar and confectionery'. In the final dataset, left-censored data represented 66 % of the analytical results, with 35 % in food samples and 89 % in drinking water sa...

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“…La concentración total de níquel en hojas de té es variable y oscila entre 1.21 y 14.4 µg/g, reflejando probablemente las condiciones ambientales en las que se cultiva la planta como la concentración en suelo y la disponibilidad del elemento para la planta, el uso de fertilizantes o productos fitosanitarios que contienen níquel, etc. (Bolle et al, 2011). Ščančar et al (2013) señalan que la forma iónica del níquel es muy soluble en las hojas de té y encuentren valores de hasta 14.4 ± 0.2 µg/g en té verde.…”

Section: Productos Vegetalesunclassified

“…Por otro lado, ante una intoxicación ocurrida en el año 2000 en Bruselas, se analizaron teteras tradicionales de metal y se constató que los niveles de migración para el plomo y el níquel superaban los valores de referencia, considerados como tóxicos. Siendo en este caso, el tiempo de infusión y el uso de limón los factores que aumentaban la migración del níquel (Bolle et al, 2011).…”

Section: Contaminación De Los Alimentos Por Migración Del Níquelunclassified

Níquel en alimentos y factores influyentes en sus niveles, ingesta, biodisponibilidad y toxicidad: una revisión

Arias

Valverde-Som

Rodríguez

et al. 2014

CyTA - Journal of Food

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Tea brewed in traditional metallic teapots as a significant source of lead, nickel and other chemical elements

Cited by 18 publications

References 10 publications

Systematic review of potential health risks posed by pharmaceutical, occupational and consumer exposures to metallic and nanoscale aluminum, aluminum oxides, aluminum hydroxide and its soluble salts

Systematic review of potential health risks posed by pharmaceutical, occupational and consumer exposures to metallic and nanoscale aluminum, aluminum oxides, aluminum hydroxide and its soluble salts

Scientific Opinion on the risks to public health related to the presence of nickel in food and drinking water

Níquel en alimentos y factores influyentes en sus niveles, ingesta, biodisponibilidad y toxicidad: una revisión

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