F OR SOME time now, it has been apparent to many in the education community that state and federal policies intended to develop greater school accountability for the learning of all students have been terribly counterproductive. The use of high-stakes testing of students has been fraught with flawed assumptions, oversimplified understandings of school realities, undemocratic concentration of power, undermining of the teaching profession, and predictably disastrous consequences for our most vulnerable students. Far from the noble ideal of leaving no child behind, current policies, if continued, are bound to increase existing inequities, trivialize schooling, and mis-584 PHI DELTA KAPPAN A Balanced School Accountability Model: An Alternative to High-Stakes Testing The health of our public schools, Mr. Jones argues, depends on defining a new model of accountability-one that is balanced and comprehensive. And it needs be one that involves much more than test scores.