“…They refer to approaches to teaching and learning that puts learners first and foremost and thrive to bring learning to the doorstep of the learners (Nwuba et al, 2022). The innovative teaching strategies encompass a wide array of approaches, such as project-based learning, inquiry, RQA, flipped classrooms, problem-based learning, gamification, and the integration of digital tools and simulations (Alahmari et al, 2023, Choirunisa' et al, 2024Damopolii, Nunaki, et al, 2019;Oyelekan et al, 2017;Santos et al, 2023). Teaching strategies can take various forms, including traditional didactic instruction, collaborative learning, inquiry-based learning, and technology-enhanced instruction.…”