In this paper we present the key epistemological assumptions and the theoretical background of a resilience-based program within Greek schools. The program aimed to help teachers develop self-and practice-based reflective skills, as well as reducing stress and confusion in their work with "difficult" or challenging students. Primary results of a qualitative evaluation showed significant improvement both in teachers' -awareness about their students' psychosocial and family problems and self-or practice-based reflective skills regarding inclusive issues.
Introduction: Setting the Context of the Contemporary Educational and Epistemological ChallengesInclusive Education challenges the traditional special education approaches, which are based on a medical paradigm and a competitive and individualistic school culture, by advocating for a different conceptualization of SEN and educating students within the mainstream school context (Ainscow et al., 2006;Allen, 2007).However, research shows that, despite the widespread acceptance of inclusive values, when students' challenging behaviours and social-emotional problems cannot be managed by teachers, this may lead to puzzling situations or inappropriate educational practices, trapping the educational staff in a cycle of negative or ineffective reactions with "problem" students (Kaufman & Landrum, 2013;Kourkoutas & Wolhuter, 2013). This reduces their professional competence and