“…This idea is consistent with previous studies which have applied social identity theory to explain sports fans' identification with their team, noting a range of antecedent motivations and psychological, physiological and sociological outcomes (Greenwood et al, 2006;Katz & Heere, 2013;Lock & Funk, 2016;Spaaij & Anderson, 2010;Tyler, 2013;Wann, 2006). Specifically, team identification has been associated with a need for geographically, ethnically and socially defined community groups to come together in times of adversity (Inoue, Funk, Wann, Yoshida, & Nakazawa, 2015), to express their national pride and cultural identity (Bernache-Assollant, Bouchet, Auvergne, & Lacassagne, 2011), providing psychological relief from feelings of depression and alienation, whilst promoting feelings of belonging and self-worth (Branscombe & Wann, 1991).…”