Tearing of thin sheets: Cracks interacting through an elastic ridge

Brau, Fabian

doi:10.1103/physreve.90.062406

Cited by 12 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…It was found that the final configuration of the torn off graphene nanoribbon is determined by a competition between the elastic energy stored in the graphene sheet and adhesion energy between graphene and substrate, in good agreement with experimental observations and theoretical modeling (Hamm et al 2008). Although a great deal Moura and Marder (2013) with permission of effort has been devoted to the understanding of tear fracture in an elastic thin sheet (Ghatak and Mahadevan 2003;Audoly et al 2005;Kruglova et al 2011;Roman 2013;Romero et al 2013;Takei et al 2013;Brau 2014), only a few studies have been focused on the tear fracture of graphene. Moura and Marder (2013) conducted theoretical modeling and MD simulations of the tearing of a clamped, free-standing graphene under constant downward force (Fig.…”

Section: Other Fracture Modes In Graphenesupporting

confidence: 58%

Fracture of graphene: a review

2015

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Fracture is one of the most prominent concerns for large scale applications of graphene. In this paper, we review some of the recent progresses in experimental and theoretical studies on the fracture behaviors of graphene, with discussions touching theoretical strength, mode I fracture toughness, mixed mode fracture, chemical fracture, irradiation fracture, dynamic fracture, impact fracture, and sonication fracture. In spite of rapid developments in experiments and simulations, there are still significant yet unresolved issues related to the fracture of graphene, examples including: (1) Can one enhance the toughness of graphene with designed topological defects? (2) How does grain size affect the strength of polycrystalline graphene? (3) How do the out-of-plane effects (e.g., wrinkle caused by external loading or curvature induced by topological defects) influence the fracture of graphene? (4) Can one develop a continuum model with the ability to capture graphene fracture with complicated modes, such as shear fracture coupled with wrinkling deformation and tear fracture? (5) How does fracture occur when tearing a polycrystalline graphene sheet? (6) Can one control the fracture behavior of graphene by combing the chemical, irradiation and stress effect? (7) How fast can cracks propagate in graphene? (8) What is the behavior of interfacial cracks in graphene, i.e., cracks along the grain boundaries or interfaces of heterogeneous structures? (9) How does a multilayer graphene membrane break under high speed impact and why such structures can absorb a large amount of kinetic energy? (10) Can one tailor/design the graphene structures with controlled fracture? The intention here is not to provide complete answers to such questions, but to draw attention from the mechanics community to them as potential research topics.

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Section: Other Fracture Modes In Graphenesupporting

confidence: 58%

Fracture of graphene: a review

2015

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“…T herefore, the understanding o f tearing o f these films in practical applications m ust be made in the fram ew ork o f isom etrically deform ed films. In this regard we are puzzled by recent w orks that explain tearing in thin films by using a stretching ridge to account for the elastic energy distribution during fracture [14,15,23]. An analytical approach connecting these tw o asym ptotic states and describing the transition in an equivalent or sim ilar configuration is m uch needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transition from isometric to stretching ridges in thin elastic films

et al. 2015

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Isometric deformations in thin elastic films easily form ridges to connect large flat regions or facets. Depending on the forces applied or the boundary conditions imposed, these ridges can be isometric, with no stretching or "stretching ridges" when bending and stretching are required to relax the elastic energy. Here we study a simple configuration to observe the transition between an isometric ridge to the well-known stretching ridge observed in crumpled films, and obtain the parameters that determine the ridge type. Specifically, we show that the transversal size of a stretching ridge acts as a cutoff length scale: a ridge is isometric if its width is greater than this characteristic length.

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“…The interplay between geometry, surface energy, stretching and bending deformation leads to non-trivial and rich behaviors (Bayart et al, 2010(Bayart et al, , 2011Takei et al, 2013;Brau, 2014;Ibarra et al, 2016), particularly when the thin film is adhesively coupled to a flat (Hamm et al, 2008) or curved (Kruglova et al, 2011) substrate. The complexity of these problems restricts analytical approximate solutions to very simplified settings (e.g.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…inextensible limit) (Hamm et al, 2008;Roman, 2013;Brau, 2014). Simple energetic models in these references have been remarkably successful in explaining almost quantitatively nontrivial observations such as the dependence of crack path on interfacial adhesion (Hamm et al, 2008;Roman, 2013), peeling angle (Bayart et al, 2011;Roman, 2013;Brau, 2014), or anisotropy in the fracture surface energy (Takei et al, 2013;Ibarra et al, 2016). However, a general modeling approach to tearing, capable of examining in detail the mechanics of tearing in general geometries and arbitrary material parameter regimes has been lacking.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

A variational model of fracture for tearing brittle thin sheets

Millán

Torres-Sánchez

et al. 2018

Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids

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Tearing of brittle thin elastic sheets, possibly adhered to a substrate, involves a rich interplay between nonlinear elasticity, geometry, adhesion, and fracture mechanics. In addition to its intrinsic and practical interest, tearing of thin sheets has helped elucidate fundamental aspects of fracture mechanics including the mechanism of crack path selection. A wealth of experimental observations in different experimental setups is available, which has been often rationalized with insightful yet simplified theoretical models based on energetic considerations. In contrast, no computational method has addressed tearing in brittle thin elastic sheets. Here, motivated by the variational nature of simplified models that successfully explain crack paths in tearing sheets, we present a variational phase-field model of fracture coupled to a nonlinear Koiter thin shell model including stretching and bending. We show that this general yet straightforward approach is able to reproduce the observed phenomenology, including spiral or power-law crack paths in free standing films, or converging/diverging cracks in thin films adhered to negatively/positively curved surfaces, a scenario not amenable to simple models. Turning to more quantitative experiments on thin sheets adhered to planar surfaces, our simulations allow us to examine the boundaries of existing theories and suggest that homogeneous damage induced by moving folds is responsible for a systematic discrepancy between theory and experiments. Thus, our computational approach to tearing provides a new tool to understand these complex processes involving fracture, geometric nonlinearity and delamination, complementing experiments and simplified theories.

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Tearing of thin sheets: Cracks interacting through an elastic ridge

Cited by 12 publications

References 49 publications

Fracture of graphene: a review

Fracture of graphene: a review

Transition from isometric to stretching ridges in thin elastic films

A variational model of fracture for tearing brittle thin sheets

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