Techniques of Controlled-Condition Experiments

Modelling the progress of Asiatic citrus canker on Tahiti lime in relation to temperature and leaf wetness

“…The objectives of this study were to quantify the effects of temperature and moisture on infection and the colonisation processes of Xcc in growth chambers so as to explain the development of epidemics under field conditions (Krans and Hau 1980;Rotem 1988). The influence of temperature and leaf wetness duration on disease incidence, length of incubation period, lesion density, lesion size, and disease severity of Asiatic citrus canker was quantified on Tahiti lime leaves, under controlled conditions.…”

Estimating Surface Wetness on Plants

“…The wetness period is synonymous with the experimental definition of the water requirement for disease development. In classical plant pathology experiments, inoculated plants are incubated wet for variable periods at different constant temperatures (Rotem, 1988). The observations are analyzed to find a temperature-moisture relationship, which describes pathogen ontogeny, including the onset of infection.…”

“…The temperature wetness interaction is studied by inoculating plants with a spore suspension and holding them under controlled conditions of relative humidity and temperature. The equipment used for this purpose varies from enclosed plastic bags to sophisticated incubation chambers with misting systems (Rotem, 1988). There have been >55 studies in which the temperature wetness interaction of foliar pathogens has been quantified (Magarey, 2002, unpublished data).…”

Effect of temperature and leaf wetness duration on infection of sweet oranges by Asiatic citrus canker

“…Quantification of the effect of environmental factors on the development of epidemics, especially the influence of temperature, light and humidity on the processes of infection and colonization by leaf pathogens, is usually carried out in experiments conducted in growth chambers. Tests in growth chambers allow isolation of the effects of specific environmental factors, and can supply data explaining the development of epidemics in the field (Kranz & Hau, 1980; Rotem, 1988).…”