Techno-economic analysis of UMTS900 and UMTS2100 for rural connectivity in Tanzania

Simba, Fatuma; Trojer, Lena; Mwinyiwiwa, Bakari M. M.; Mvungi, Nerey H.; Mjema, Emmanuel

doi:10.1109/icct.2012.6511179

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Techno-economic analysis (TEA) is defined as a systematic analysis used to evaluate the economic feasibility aimed to recognize opportunities and threats of projects, taking into account the capital, variable (operational), and fixed costs (Simba et al, 2012), as well as benefits. Fixed and annual operating costs are critical parameters in TEA and are key factors for cost estimation, project evaluation, and process optimization (Marouli & Maroulis, 2005).…”

Section: Techno-economic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-economic Analysis (TEA) of Extruded Aquafeeds

Suleiman¹,

Rosentrater²

2018

JFR

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The worldwide decline and overexploitation of ocean fisheries stocks had provided an incentive for the rapid growth of aquaculture. The aquaculture industry has been recognized as the fastest-growing food production system globally, with a 10% increase in production per year and is one of the most reliable and sustainable growth markets for manufactured feeds. Extrusion technology has been extensively used in the modern aquatic feed manufacturing, due to nutritional, physical properties improvements and cost effectiveness of feeds. Cost related to aquatic feed remains the biggest challenge, especially for small-scale producers. In order to understand costs and potential breakeven points, a single screw extruder and three different production scenarios (0.2, 2 and 20 t/day) throughput were used to develop techno-economic models for small-scale producers of extruded aquatic feeds. The results show annualized capital costs decreased as production capacity increased. Thus, aquatic feed producers could use this tool to evaluate annual costs and benefits to determine processing economics. Producers will have to consider the ingredients used, though, as raw ingredients constitute the greatest cost for the production of feeds.

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Section: Techno-economic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-economic Analysis (TEA) of Extruded Aquafeeds

Suleiman¹,

Rosentrater²

2018

JFR

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“…Registered users can top up their accounts via vouchers and use SMS for their transactions. In [374], a study on the deployment of 3G CDMA deployment over the 900 MHz frequency to provide connectivity in Tanzania showed that the deployment is economically viable. The use of 900 MHz spectrum allows for longer propagation distances to serve rural areas, similarly to the proposition of using CDMA in the 450 MHz in rural Ecuador in [348].…”

Section: Other Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Key 6G Challenge and Opportunity—Connecting the Base of the Pyramid: A Survey on Rural Connectivity

2020

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Providing connectivity to around half of the world population living in rural or underprivileged areas is a tremendous challenge, but also a unique opportunity. Access to the internet would provide the population living in these areas a possibility to progress on the educational, health, environment, and business levels. In this paper, a survey of technologies for providing connectivity to rural areas, and that can help address this challenge, is provided. Although access/fronthaul and backhaul techniques are discussed in the paper, it is noted that the major limitation for providing connectivity to rural and underprivileged areas is the cost of backhaul deployment. In addition, energy requirements and cost efficiency of the studied technologies are analyzed. In fact, the challenges faced for deploying an electricity network, as a prerequisite for deploying communication networks, are huge in these areas and they are granted an important share of the discussions in this paper. Furthermore, typical application scenarios in rural areas are discussed, and several country-specific use cases are surveyed. The main

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“…Techno-economic analysis is a tool used to reveal the total cost of a process, and can be used for analyzing optimization efficiency of a new process or technology applied in a system. Some common criteria used in techno-economic analysis are cash flow, discounted cash flow, net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), payback period (PP), and sensitivity analysis [34]. Thus, when related to potential environmental impacts, techno-economic analysis and assessment can be used to identify the most promising technologies that can be applied to the system under study [35].…”

Section: Life Cycle Assessment (Lca) and Techno-economic Analysis (Tea)mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Environmental and Economic Analysis of Flocculation Technology Applied to a Corn-Based Ethanol Plant

Oliveira

Rosentrater

2020

Processes

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The stimulation of renewable fuel production is related to the environmental issues resulting from the extraction and utilization of fossil fuels. Although corn-based ethanol is one of the leading renewable fuels and promises to mitigate these environmental impacts, it generates large volumes of wastewater with high concentrations of organic material (CODcr > 30,000 mg/L) and low pH (3.5–4.5), which leads to serious environmental concerns. A common method of treatment of distillery wastewater is the Dry Distilled Grain Soluble (DDGS) process, which separates liquid and solid fractions; however, a disadvantage of this process is its high energy consumption. Other commonly implemented methods are often costly and not environmentally safe. To minimize these problems, a flocculation process can be applied as a potential lower energy consumption process utilizing bioflocculants, which have been proven harmless to the environment. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to analyze the economic and environmental impacts of using bioflocculants instead of evaporation process in a corn-based ethanol plant. The procedures were evaluated by analyzing the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Techno-Economic Analysis (TEA). From the results, it can be seen that the flocculation system can be an alternative process for effectively minimizing energy consumption during the production of DDGS, Distilled Wet Grains with Solubles (DWGS), and corn oil. The flocculation process achieved a significantly (28%) lower utility cost when compared to the conventional system. However, the overall fixed costs and annual operating costs for the flocculation system were higher than those of the conventional system. Additionally, both processes resulted in negative profit and a sensitivity analysis showed that the feedstocks cost substantially impacted the DDGS, DWGS, and corn oil production costs. Related to environmental aspects, the LCA results showed that the flocculation process achieved the lowest Global Warming Potential (GWP) of the several electricity supply technologies analyzed and presented a significant reduction in CO2 equivalent emissions when compared to a conventional system. The flocculation process resulted in approximately 57% lower greenhouse gas emissions.

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Techno-economic analysis of UMTS900 and UMTS2100 for rural connectivity in Tanzania

Cited by 14 publications

References 5 publications

Techno-economic Analysis (TEA) of Extruded Aquafeeds

Techno-economic Analysis (TEA) of Extruded Aquafeeds

A Key 6G Challenge and Opportunity—Connecting the Base of the Pyramid: A Survey on Rural Connectivity

An Environmental and Economic Analysis of Flocculation Technology Applied to a Corn-Based Ethanol Plant

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