Technoeconomic and Environmental Evaluation of Sodium Bicarbonate Production Using CO₂ from Flue Gas of a Coal-Fired Power Plant

Abstract

This study analyzes the technical, economic, and environmental feasibility of a CO 2 mineralization process, which has great potential in terms of CO 2 utilization capacity. The chosen process is the sodium bicarbonate manufacturing process that uses sodium carbonate solution with CO 2 that is obtained from the flue gas produced from a coal-fired power plant. The technical feasibility analysis involves performance evaluation, which is conducted using a bench-scale apparatus capable of producing sodium bicarbonate with a purity of 99% and greater. According to the analysis, the CO 2 reduction potential of the proposed CO 2 utilization process is approximately 0.33 ton of CO 2 per ton of sodium bicarbonate produced. When comparing CO 2 emissions for the production of 1 ton of sodium bicarbonate, the CO 2 utilization process of this study produces approximately 0.10 ton of CO 2 emissions excluding the CO 2 footprint of sodium carbonate, which is the key raw material. If the footprint of sodium carbonate from the Solvay process is used to account for it, this number goes up to 1.96 tons compared to the 1.69 tons produced by the conventional process. In addition, this study evaluates the economic feasibility of a commercial-scale plant based on the proposed technology with the capacity of 30 000 tons of sodium bicarbonate by utilizing approximately 10 000 tons of CO 2 per year. Most of the analyzed cases indicate strong economic potential with a benefit-cost ratio and internal rate of return value of 1.45 and 80.5%, respectively.

Freeze-Dissolving Method: A Fast Green Technology for Producing Nanoparticles and Ultrafine Powder

“…Figure (c) shows that the NaHCO 3 particles obtained by the freeze-drying method, the freeze-dissolving method, and cooling crystallization were the same polymorph, as the anhydrous form reported in the literature . The product obtained by cooling crystallization had a good crystalline structure with sharp peaks in its powder XRD spectrum.…”

“…31,32 Figure 7(c) shows that the NaHCO 3 particles obtained by the freeze-drying method, the freeze-dissolving method, and cooling crystallization were the same polymorph, as the anhydrous form reported in the literature. 33 The product obtained by cooling crystallization had a good crystalline structure with sharp peaks in its powder XRD spectrum. The powder XRD spectrum of the product obtained by the freezedrying method revealed a semicrystalline structure, with a relatively large full width at half-maximum (fwhm).…”

Decarbonisation of calcium carbonate at atmospheric temperatures and pressures, with simultaneous CO2 capture, through production of sodium carbonate

“…10 Industrially, Na 2 CO 3 is mainly produced through the Solvay process which requires large amount of thermal energy and CaCO 3 calcination. 33 The produced Na 2 CO 3 can have several uses in the industry: (1) for flue gas CO 2 sequestration through the production of NaHCO 3 , 34,35 (2) as an alkali activator for cements, either directly or in the production of activators such as sodium silicates, 36,37 (3) in the production of precipitated calcium carbonate from brine for use as a cement admixture, 38 (4) to regenerate the necessary NaOH, 21,[39][40][41] and/or (5) sold for the manufacture of other commodities (e.g. glass).…”

A highly carbon‐efficient and techno‐economically optimized process for the renewable‐assisted synthesis of gas to liquid fuels, ammonia, and urea products

“…This could enhance the profitability of the carbon capture process 8‐10 . CO 2 is utilized for the manufacturing of inorganic and organic compounds such as sodium bicarbonate 11 and salicylic acid. CO 2 is also used in the production of synthetic fuels 12,13 (like methane, methanol 14,15 and dimethyl ether (DME) 4,16 ).…”