Technological or social drivers for a transformation towards an inclusive society? The role of Assistive Technologies for people with disabilities

Nierling, Linda; Maia, Maria; Bratan, Tanja

doi:10.5771/9783748901556-381

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 0 publications

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“…Words such as 'patient' link negative medical sentiments to the targeted end-users, who are described as disabled people or people with disabilities. For similar reasons, BCIs are depicted as an 'assistive technology', while other, more widely-used technologies that assist (like bicycles) are not [27]. Although some prospective users may identify with a deficiency narrative, eager to restore their bodies to a previous state, many disabled people do not understand themselves as needing medical treatment [28].…”

Section: Exclusionary Narratives and The Medical Framing Of Bcismentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain–computer interfaces and personhood: interdisciplinary deliberations on neural technology

Sample

Aunos²,

Blain-Moraes

et al. 2019

J. Neural Eng.

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Objective. Scientists, engineers, and healthcare professionals are currently developing a variety of new devices under the category of brain–computer interfaces (BCIs). Current and future applications are both medical/assistive (e.g. for communication) and non-medical (e.g. for gaming). This array of possibilities has been met with both enthusiasm and ethical concern in various media, with no clear resolution of these conflicting sentiments. Approach. To better understand how BCIs may either harm or help the user, and to investigate whether ethical guidance is required, a meeting entitled ‘BCIs and Personhood: A Deliberative Workshop’ was held in May 2018. Main results. We argue that the hopes and fears associated with BCIs can be productively understood in terms of personhood, specifically the impact of BCIs on what it means to be a person and to be recognized as such by others. Significance. Our findings suggest that the development of neural technologies raises important questions about the concept of personhood and its role in society. Accordingly, we propose recommendations for BCI development and governance.

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Section: Exclusionary Narratives and The Medical Framing Of Bcismentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain–computer interfaces and personhood: interdisciplinary deliberations on neural technology

Sample

Aunos²,

Blain-Moraes

et al. 2019

J. Neural Eng.

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“…The aforementioned problem representation and goal formulation also raise numerous research questions regarding the new technological relationships between the NGFR hub and smart city infrastructure. In particular, nowadays the requirement for state-of-the-art technologies is that they be, by design, inclusive to people with disabilities [30][31][32][33][34][35], and smart cities have mechanisms, such as IoT and distributed ledger, to provide disabled citizens with tools for using e-health, and social services [13]. The NGFR will have access to the related records of those individuals throughout their mission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NGFR hub concept suggests that the approach to the interaction protocols must be decomposed into two parts: the first part is delegated to the smart city infrastructure, and the second part is related to the NGFR on-body network. Both address assistive technologies for people with disabilities, specifically: − Regulatory, health, and demographic aspects [32]; − Current and emerging technologies [33]; − Perspectives, needs, and opportunities [34]; − Legal and socio-ethical perspectives [35].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Next Generation Computing and Communication Hub for First Responders in Smart Cities

Shaposhnyk,

Lai,

Wolbring

et al. 2024

Sensors

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This paper contributes to the development of a Next Generation First Responder (NGFR) communication platform with the key goal of embedding it into a smart city technology infrastructure. The framework of this approach is a concept known as SmartHub, developed by the US Department of Homeland Security. The proposed embedding methodology complies with the standard categories and indicators of smart city performance. This paper offers two practice-centered extensions of the NGFR hub, which are also the main results: first, a cognitive workload monitoring of first responders as a basis for their performance assessment, monitoring, and improvement; and second, a highly sensitive problem of human society, the emergency assistance tools for individuals with disabilities. Both extensions explore various technological-societal dimensions of smart cities, including interoperability, standardization, and accessibility to assistive technologies for people with disabilities. Regarding cognitive workload monitoring, the core result is a novel AI formalism, an ensemble of machine learning processes aggregated using machine reasoning. This ensemble enables predictive situation assessment and self-aware computing, which is the basis of the digital twin concept. We experimentally demonstrate a specific component of a digital twin of an NGFR, a near-real-time monitoring of the NGFR cognitive workload. Regarding our second result, a problem of emergency assistance for individuals with disabilities that originated as accessibility to assistive technologies to promote disability inclusion, we provide the NGFR specification focusing on interactions based on AI formalism and using a unified hub platform. This paper also discusses a technology roadmap using the notion of the Emergency Management Cycle (EMC), a commonly accepted doctrine for managing disasters through the steps of mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. It positions the NGFR hub as a benchmark of the smart city emergency service.

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“…The exponential progress of enabling technologies in terms of computing power, big data, device connectivity, and internet performance, has enabled the development of solutions based on emerging technologies that are robust enough to be valuable to consumers and useful to the public. To develop a mainstream solution that fulfils its role, the user-centered approach needs to be followed; otherwise, there is a risk of having to re-engineer a solution because it does not reflect the specific needs of a certain group of people, e.g., people with disabilities [ 1 ]. When talking about the integration of mainstream and assistive technologies, it is worth mentioning that the implementation of accessibility features in everyday applications has proven to be beneficial for people without disabilities as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to studies described in [ 1 ], the majority of people with disabilities have an open and optimistic attitude towards new and emerging technologies. Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) are technologies that enable new forms of human–computer interaction and whose industries are growing rapidly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Literature Review of Handheld Augmented Reality Solutions for People with Disabilities

Žilak

Car

Čuljak

2022

Sensors

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Mobile applications on smartphones and tablets have become part of our everyday lives. The number of augmented reality (AR) technology applications is also increasing. Augmented reality has proven to be effective in various areas of human life, from education, marketing, and training to navigation. All people have the right to access information and use available technologies, but not everyone has the same opportunities. To contribute to the digital inclusion of people who are often disadvantaged in this regard, we should think about the accessibility of digital technologies, including mobile augmented reality (MAR). The specificity of MAR is a new way of human–computer interaction compared to traditional mobile solutions. The objective of this review paper is to analyze the handheld AR solutions developed for people with different disabilities to identify accessibility challenges related to interaction when performing different tasks in AR. It also explores and presents accessibility features and other accessibility best practices, as well as potential future research directions related to the personalization and customization of such solutions for individuals. The results of this literature review can contribute to the creation of accessibility guidelines in the field of handheld AR and encourage the development of accessible AR solutions that can benefit not only people with disabilities but also people without disabilities.

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Technological or social drivers for a transformation towards an inclusive society? The role of Assistive Technologies for people with disabilities

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Brain–computer interfaces and personhood: interdisciplinary deliberations on neural technology

Brain–computer interfaces and personhood: interdisciplinary deliberations on neural technology

Next Generation Computing and Communication Hub for First Responders in Smart Cities

A Systematic Literature Review of Handheld Augmented Reality Solutions for People with Disabilities

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