Technology assessment of vertical and horizontal air drilling potential in the United States. Final report

Carden, R.S.

doi:10.2172/10117887

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…As drilling technologies advance in the recent years, UBD has been applied to horizontal wells, 16,17 shallow wells, 18 and offshore development. 19 This technology is also expanding to other industries.…”

Section: Stable Foam Drillingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Spreadsheet and Analytical Models to Simulate Solid, Water, Oil and Gas Flow in Underbalanced Drilling

Guo

2001

All Days

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TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractUnderbalanced drilling (UBD) technology is widely used in oil and gas industry for multiple purposes including minimizing formation damage and controlling lost circulation. One of the important tasks in UBD design is to predict bottom hole pressure under given drilling conditions. This task is very difficult when aerated liquids are utilized. Sophisticated computer programs are often required for this task. However, reliable computer programs are not always available for engineers who are in charge of UBD designs and executions. It is highly desirable to have spreadsheet programs that can accurately perform such predictions. This paper presents three analytical models that are coded in a spreadsheet program for UBD hydraulics calculations. These three models cover multiphase flow of commonly used drilling fluids in three categories: 1) air, gas, mist, and unstable foam; 2) stable foam; and 3) aerated liquid. Comparisons of these models with field measurements indicated that these analytical models are accurate enough for UBD design.

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Section: Stable Foam Drillingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Spreadsheet and Analytical Models to Simulate Solid, Water, Oil and Gas Flow in Underbalanced Drilling

Guo

2001

All Days

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“…Air drilling technology takes the compressed air as the flow medium and uses this continuous air flow to cool the bit and take the rock debris out of the well [1]. Its advantages include low cost and effective penetration rate and minimal damage to liquid-sensitive pay zones [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some valuable conclusions are as follows (1). The explosive range in the well is mainly affected by the gas components, Relation between the explosive range and the pressure:(a) upper explosive limit; (b) lower explosive limit; (c) explosive limit.…”

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confidence: 96%

An Explosive Range Model Based on the Gas Composition, Temperature, and Pressure during Air Drilling

Fan

Zhang

et al. 2016

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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Air drilling is low cost and effectively improves the penetration rate and causes minimal damage to liquid-sensitive pay zones. However, there is a potential downhole explosion when combustible gas mixed with drilling fluid reaches the combustible condition. In this paper, based on the underground combustion mechanism, an explosive range calculation model is established. This model couples the state equation and the empirical formula method, which considers the inert gas content, pressure, mixed gas component, and temperature. The result shows that increase of the inert gas content narrows the explosive range, while increase of the gas temperature and pressure improves the explosive range. A case in Chongqing, China, is used to validate the explosive range calculation model.

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Acquisition Study of Downhole Explosion Limit in Air Drilling

Li,

et al. 2024

SPE Journal

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Summary Downhole explosions adversely affect air drilling; however, the explosion limit can facilitate the adjustment of the flow rate to prevent downhole explosions. The downhole explosion limit, comprising lower and upper limits, can be determined through diverse methodologies. In this study, the interrelation between absolute enthalpy and adiabatic flame temperature (AFT) enabled the deduction of the lower explosion limit (LEL) prediction method, and an equilibrium between heat generation and heat transfer formed the basis for the upper explosion limit (UEL) prediction method. Additionally, a variable-volume apparatus was established to measure the explosion limit and adjust the pressure precisely without changing the amount of gas. The explosion limit of methane in the air was determined using both predicted and experimental methods, mirroring the scenarios of natural gas entering the wellbore during air drilling. The theoretical model exhibited the same reliability as the experimental results, and the prediction method for the explosion limit proved more efficient. Moreover, the effects of initial temperature and pressure on the explosion limit are discussed. The LEL decreased by an average of 15.5% when the initial pressure increased from 0.1 MPa to 2 MPa, while the UEL experienced a significant increase by an average of 152%. The UEL exhibited a logarithmic dependence on the initial pressure. The effect of the initial temperature on the explosion limit was noticeably less pronounced than that of the initial pressure. This study provides the essential theoretical basis and experimental results for avoiding downhole explosions during air drilling.

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Technology assessment of vertical and horizontal air drilling potential in the United States. Final report

Abstract: DISCLAIMER Portions of this document may be illegible in electronic image products. Images are produced from the best available original document.

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Use of Spreadsheet and Analytical Models to Simulate Solid, Water, Oil and Gas Flow in Underbalanced Drilling

Use of Spreadsheet and Analytical Models to Simulate Solid, Water, Oil and Gas Flow in Underbalanced Drilling

An Explosive Range Model Based on the Gas Composition, Temperature, and Pressure during Air Drilling

Acquisition Study of Downhole Explosion Limit in Air Drilling

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