Tectonic Framework of the East Scotia Sea

Barker, Peter F.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-1843-3_7

Cited by 57 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…11). Geophysical investigations in the 1970's indicated a single seamount in this position, called Nelson Seamount (Barker, 1995). The new data show a seamount cluster some 13 km across and rising from ca.…”

mentioning

confidence: 79%

“…North-south trending faults down-faulting Bank E toward the back-arc spreading centre are interpreted to result from rifting to form the southern part of the back-arc basin. The pre-arc and pre-back-arc basement that was rifted is clearly represented by peneplained and tilted Bank E. Similar basement may be present in a fore-arc high 75 km SE of Montagu Island at 58°41΄S, 25°3΄W where volcanic rocks were dredged and K-Ar dated at 28.5-32.8 Ma (Barker, 1995). These may represent parts of a remnant arc that pre-dates the current arc Barker (1995).…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…30 Ma were dredged (Barker, 1995). The edifice is roughly circular in plan with a diameter of 62 km at the 2000 m isobath.…”

Section: Montagumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is the east part of an east-west elongated group of volcanic edifices which includes Kemp Seamount (Barker, 1995) Kemp Caldera (discovered during cruise JR224, Supplementary Material S1), seamounts VB1 and VB2, which rise to 708 m and 805 m depth respectively, and smaller associated seamounts that together form the positive topographic feature Vysokaya Bank (Fig. 11).…”

Section: Adventurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Volcanic evolution of the South Sandwich volcanic arc, South Atlantic, from multibeam bathymetry

Leat

Day

Tate

et al. 2013

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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New multibeam bathymetry data are presented for the South Sandwich intra-oceanic arc which occupies the small Sandwich plate in the South Atlantic, and is widely considered to be a simple end-member in the range of intra-oceanic arc types. The images show for the first time the distribution of submarine volcanic, tectonic and erosional-depositional features along the whole length of the 540 km long volcanic arc, allowing systematic investigation of along-arc variations. The data confirm that the volcanic arc has a simple structure composed of large volcanoes which form a well-defined volcanic front, but with three parallel crosscutting seamount chains extending 38-60 km from near the volcanic front into the rear-arc. There is no evidence for intra-arc rifting or extinct volcanic lines. Topographic evidence for faulting is generally absent, except near the northern and southern plate boundaries. Most of the volcanic arc appears to be built on ocean crust formed at the associated back-arc spreading centre, as previously proposed from magnetic data, but the southern part of the arc appears to be underlain by older arc or continental crust whose west-facing rifted margin facing the back-arc basin is defined by the new bathymetry. The new survey shows nine main volcanic edifices along the volcanic front and ca. 20 main seamounts. The main volcanoes form largely glaciated islands with summits 3.0-3.5 km above base levels which are 2500-3000 m deep in the north and shallower at 2000-2500 m deep in the south. Some of the component seamounts are interpreted to have been active since the last glacial maximum, and so are approximately contemporaneous with the volcanic front volcanism. Seven calderas, all either submarine or ice-filled, have been identified: Adventure volcano, a newly discovered submarine volcanic front caldera volcano is described for the first time. All but one of the calderas are situated on summits of large volcanoes in the southern part of the arc, and most are associated with current or historic volcanic or hydrothermal activity. Shallow shelves around the islands are generally 1-10 km wide. Submerged banks up to 1100 m deep are interpreted as subsided erosional surfaces. Seamounts and emergent volcanoes experienced a range of mass wasting processes including by landsliding and smaller mass flows. KeywordsVolcanic arc, subduction zone, caldera, seamount, submarine volcanism The importance of the South Sandwich volcanic arcThe South Sandwich volcanic arc, situated in the South Atlantic ( Fig. 1), is a tectonically simple, active, intra-oceanic arc, and is ideally suited to studies of volcanic arc crustal structure, geochemical investigation of mantle processes above a subduction zone, and sedimentation in an early stage of arc evolution. The active arc is built largely on oceanic crust of the small Sandwich plate which formed about 10 Ma at the back-arc East Scotia ridge spreading centre . The arc is forming in response to steeply inclined subduction of the South American plate beneath the Sand...

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mentioning

confidence: 79%

mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…30 Ma were dredged (Barker, 1995). The edifice is roughly circular in plan with a diameter of 62 km at the 2000 m isobath.…”

Section: Montagumentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adventurementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Volcanic evolution of the South Sandwich volcanic arc, South Atlantic, from multibeam bathymetry

Leat

Day

Tate

et al. 2013

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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“…Hill and Barker (1980) identified east-west-trending magnetic anomalies in the central part of the Scotia plate, which are clearly distinct from the north-south magnetic anomalies formed by well-understood ocean spreading in the West and East Scotia Seas (Barker, 1995;Larter et al, 2003;Eagles, 2005), and suggested that they were Miocene in age. Eagles (2010), by contrast, reinterpreted the Central Scotia Sea as a fragment of Mesozoic ocean lithosphere generated during separation of Antarctica from South America.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of sedimentation by active tectonics, glaciation and contourite-depositing currents in Endurance Basin, South Georgia

Owen

Day

Leat

et al. 2014

Global and Planetary Change

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Tectonic Reconstructions of the Southernmost Andes and the Scotia Sea During the Opening of the Drake Passage

Eagles

2016

Geodynamic Evolution of the Southernmost Andes

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Tectonic Framework of the East Scotia Sea

Cited by 57 publications

References 50 publications

Volcanic evolution of the South Sandwich volcanic arc, South Atlantic, from multibeam bathymetry

Volcanic evolution of the South Sandwich volcanic arc, South Atlantic, from multibeam bathymetry

Control of sedimentation by active tectonics, glaciation and contourite-depositing currents in Endurance Basin, South Georgia

Tectonic Reconstructions of the Southernmost Andes and the Scotia Sea During the Opening of the Drake Passage

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