Teens and the Misuse of Prescription Drugs: Evidence-Based Recommendations to Curb a Growing Societal Problem

Twombly, Eric C.; Holtz, Kristen D.

doi:10.1007/s10935-008-0157-5

Cited by 36 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…A multifaceted approach is necessary to improve parents' and adolescents' awareness about these and other risks of NMUPM [6]. For example, prescribing providers must take care to educate adolescent patients and caregivers about the risks of misuse and diversion of prescription drugs, and pharmacists should reiterate messages and monitor for abnormal prescription and refill patterns to assist in prevention.…”

Section: Implications For Treatment and Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nonmedical Use of Prescription Medications Among Adolescents in the United States: A Systematic Review

Young¹,

Glover²,

Havens³

2012

Journal of Adolescent Health

156

139

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Section: Implications For Treatment and Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rather, the intent was to elucidate the social-ecological context of adolescent NMUPM. The review cited literature from governmental reports, popular media, as well as academic sources to demonstrate influences on adolescents' knowledge and attitudes about NMU of all prescription drugs [6].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonmedical Use of Prescription Medications Among Adolescents in the United States: A Systematic Review

Young¹,

Glover²,

Havens³

2012

Journal of Adolescent Health

156

139

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…3 Youth have been identified at particularly high risk of harm when using these substances, and existing research has shown that youth view prescription drugs as "safer" than illegal drugs. 25 Of concern in our study is that, although only 6% of presentations were related to prescription drug use, this group had the highest admission rate (38% v. an average admission rate of 6.1% for single-drug ingestions).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

What are kids getting into these days? A retrospective chart review of substance use presentations to a Canadian pediatric emergency department

Driedger

Dong

Newton

et al. 2015

CJEM

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Objectives: Goals for this study were to characterize the substances being used by youth who presented to an emergency department (ED), their demographic descriptors, and to describe the associated acute morbidity and mortality. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all youth, ages 10-16 years, who presented to a pediatric ED with complaints related to recreational drug use (n = 641) for 2 years ending on December 31, 2009. Results: The median age of patients was 15 years; 56% were female. Six percent of patients were homeless, and 21% were wards of the state. The most frequent ingestions included ethanol (74%), marijuana (20%), ecstasy (19%), and medications (15%). Over one third of patients had ingested two or more substances. Ninety percent of patients were brought to the ED by the emergency medical services; 63% of these activations were by non-acquaintances. Of the 47% of youth who presented with a decreased level of consciousness, half had a Glasgow Coma Scale less than 13. The Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale score was 1 or 2 for 44% of patients. Sixtyeight percent received IV fluids, 42% received medication, and 4% were intubated. The admission rate was 9%. Conclusions: Youth who presented to the ED for substance use represented a socially vulnerable population whose use of recreational substances resulted in high medical acuity and significant morbidity. Improved clinical identification of such high-risk youth and subsequent design of interventions to address problematic substance use and social issues are urgently needed to complement the acute medical care that youth receive. RÉSUMÉObjectifs: L'étude décrite ici avait pour buts de caractériser les drogues utilisées par les jeunes traités dans un service des urgences (SU), de relever les descripteurs démographiques et de décrire la morbidité et la mortalité aiguës, associées à cette utilisation. Méthode: Les auteurs ont procédé à un examen rétrospectif des dossiers médicaux de tous les jeunes âgés de 10 à 16 ans, qui ont été traités dans un service des urgences pédiatriques pour des troubles liés à la consommation de drogues à usage récréatif (n = 641), sur une période de 2 ans, se terminant le 31 décembre 2009. Résultats: L'âge médian était de 15 ans, et 56% des malades étaient de jeunes filles. Dans 6% des cas, il s'agissait de sansabris, et 21% des patients étaient sous la tutelle de l'État. Les drogues le plus souvent consommées étaient l'alcool éthylique (74%), la marijuana (20%), l'ecstasy (19%) et les médicaments (15%). Dans plus du tiers des cas, les personnes avaient fait usage d'au moins deux drogues. Quatre-vingt-dix pour cent des jeunes ont été transportés au SU par les services médicaux d'urgence et, dans 63% des cas, les appels avaient été faits par des inconnus. Parmi les 47% de jeunes souffrant d'une altération de l'état de conscience, la moitié avait une cote inférieure à 13 sur l'échelle de Glasgow. Par ailleurs, 44% des patients ont obtenu une cote de 1 ou 2 sur l'Échelle canadienne de triage et de gravité. Enfin, i...

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“…Emerging research has indicated that one of the principal factors connected to increased NMUPD among youth and young adults is increased access to these drugs (McCabe, Cranford, Boyd & Teter, 2007). This has been in part attributed to less than conservative prescribing practices of doctors of opioid painkillers and changing medical guidelines (Twombly & Holtz, 2008). However, this also underscores the critical role that physicians can play in screening for and communicating about the negative effects of nonmedical use of prescription drugs with their patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Descriptive and injunctive network norms associated with nonmedical use of prescription drugs among homeless youth

Barman‐Adhikari

Tayyib

Begun

et al. 2017

Addictive Behaviors

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Background Nonmedical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD) among youth and young adults is being increasingly recognized as a significant public health problem. Homeless youth in particular are more likely to engage in NMUPD compared to housed youth. Studies suggest that network norms are strongly associated with a range of substance use behaviors. However, evidence regarding the association between network norms and NMUPD is scarce. We sought to understand whether social network norms of NMUPD are associated with engagement in NMUPD among homeless youth. Methods 1,046 homeless youth were recruited from three drop-in centers in Los Angeles, CA and were interviewed regarding their individual and social network characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to evaluate the significance of associations between social norms (descriptive and injunctive) and self-reported NMUPD. Results Approximately 25% of youth reported past 30-day NMUPD. However, more youth (32.28%) of youth believed that their network members engage in NMUPD, perhaps suggesting some pluralistic ignorance bias. Both descriptive and injunctive norms were associated with self-reported NMUPD among homeless youth. However, these varied by network type, with presence of NMUPD engaged street-based and home-based peers (descriptive norm) increasing the likelihood of NMUPD, while objections from family-members (injunctive norm) decreasing that likelihood. Conclusions Our findings suggest that, like other substance use behaviors, NMUPD is also influenced by youths’ perceptions of the behaviors of their social network members. Therefore, prevention and interventions programs designed to influence NMUPD might benefit from taking a social network norms approach.

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Teens and the Misuse of Prescription Drugs: Evidence-Based Recommendations to Curb a Growing Societal Problem

Cited by 36 publications

References 25 publications

Nonmedical Use of Prescription Medications Among Adolescents in the United States: A Systematic Review

Nonmedical Use of Prescription Medications Among Adolescents in the United States: A Systematic Review

What are kids getting into these days? A retrospective chart review of substance use presentations to a Canadian pediatric emergency department

Descriptive and injunctive network norms associated with nonmedical use of prescription drugs among homeless youth

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