Telomere and mitochondria mediated the association between dietary inflammatory index and mild cognitive impairment: A prospective cohort study

Abstract

Background Diet and chronic inflammation might play a major role in the pathogenesis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In addition, peripheral blood leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) might mediate the relationship between inflammation and MCI risk. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate whether inflammatory potential of diet assessed by dietary inflammatory index (DII), chronic inflammation, peripheral blood LTL, and mtDNAcn were associated with the risk of MCI. Results A population-based cohort study was conducted with a total of 2944 participants. During a median follow-up of 2 years, 438 (14.90%) individuals were new-onset MCI. After adjustment, a higher score of DII (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.056, 95% CI: 1.005, 1.109), a higher log systemic immune inflammation index (SII) (HR: 1.333, 95% CI: 1.089, 1.633) and log system inflammation response index (SIRI) (HR: 1.487, 95% CI: 1.024, 2.161) predicted elevated risk of MCI. An increased mtDNAcn (HR: 0.843, 95% CI: 0.712, 0.997), but not LTL, predicted a decreased risk of MCI. Negative associations of log SII with LTL (β:-0.359, 95% CI: -0.445, -0.273) and mtDNAcn (β:-0.048, 95% CI: -0.090, -0.006) were found. Additionally, negative associations of log SIRI with LTL (β: -0.035, 95% CI: -0.052, -0.017) and mtDNAcn (β:-0.136, 95% CI: -0.216, -0.056) were also found. Path analysis suggested that SIRI, LTL, and mtDNAcn, in series, have mediation roles in the association between DII score and MCI risk. Conclusions Higher DII, SII, and SIRI might predict a greater risk of MCI, while a longer LTL and an increased mtDNAcn were linked to a reduced risk of MCI among the older population. LTL and mtDNAcn could play mediation roles in the association between DII and MCI risk.

Prediction of poststroke cognitive impairment based on the systemic inflammatory response index

“…found that the elderly people with higher levels of SIRI may be at a greater risk of developing cognitive impairment. Similarly, another study on mild cognitive impairment in older adults found the same result (Liu et al, 2023). Based on the results of the above study, the present study also found that higher SIRI levels were independently associated with early-onset PSCI.…”

“…cognitive impairment over the past few years (Liu et al, 2023;. found that the elderly people with higher levels of SIRI may be at a greater risk of developing cognitive impairment.…”

“…Moreover, elevated SIRI levels are associated with an increased risk of stroke as well as all‐cause mortality (Jin et al., 2021; Xia et al., 2023). Few studies have investigated the association between SIRI and cognitive impairment over the past few years (Liu et al., 2023; Wang et al., 2022). Wang et al.…”

The role of kidney function in the association between pro- inflammatory diet and cognitive impairment: NHANES from 2011 - 2014

“…These ndings are in agreement with previous studies. [31][32][33] A pro-in ammatory diet can lead to increased levels of circulating in ammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP, [20] which are associated not only with the metabolic disorders it causes (hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension), but also with the resulting dysbiosis of the intestinal ecology, increased intestinal permeability, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and leakage of toxic bacterial metabolites into the circulatory system. [8] [34] This induction and ampli cation of systemic in ammation by a pro-in ammatory diet is considered to be related to cognitive impairment.…”

Potential roles of telomeres and telomerase in neurodegenerative diseases

“…The study found that longer LTL was associated with better cognitive performance and lower risk of developing AD, vascular dementia, and their associated brain markers, pointing to TL as a strong indicator of AD development or cognitive impairment. Scarabino et al found that LTL was significantly longer in people with normal cognitive function than in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) [23] . In the elderly, the longer the LTL, the lower the risk of MCI [24][25][26] .…”