Temper proof data distribution for universal verifiability and accuracy in electoral process using blockchain

Shaheen, Safdar Hussain; Yousaf, Muhammad; Jalil, Mudassar

doi:10.1109/icet.2017.8281747

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Both blind/ring signatures and homomorphism can be used to protect data in a publicly accessible channel, but the process in which this happens and the properties of the hidden data are different, which means that some proposals can use both without incurring redundancy: Blind/Ring signatures are used to protect voter data written into a blockchain, whereas homomorphism is used so that tallies can be com-puted without decrypting partial results. Proposals such as [149], [150], [66], [164], [69] and [115] implement both of these tools in their solutions.…”

Section: D: Systematic Mapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Decentralization on Electronic Voting Systems: A Systematic Literature Survey

Almeida,

Baiardi,

Di Francesco Maesa

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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The modernization of voting methods is a dynamic area of research currently. In the past, innovation in voting methods was limited to the automation of steps in the process through mechanical means. This changed with the introduction of commercial cryptography in the 1970s, whose applications to voting triggered a new era in this research field. Researchers used the following years to apply tools derived from cryptographic methods to build increasingly secure, transparent, and practical electronic voting systems. Despite the effort, a true remote electronic voting system was never achieved with the technology available. The introduction of Bitcoin in 2009 brought much attention to the blockchain concept that supported it. This new data model offered new levels of transparency, data immutability, and pseudo-anonymity that made it attractive and useful to e-voting researchers. Soon after, articles detailing the first blockchain-based e-voting systems were published, and the research field entered a new era. This article presents a study on the evolution of research in electronic voting systems, following a systematic literature review methodology and a chronological evolution from the first systems that employed public cryptographic concepts up to blockchain-based proposals, with the objective of detailing the evolution of the technology as a whole, as well as all the elements, centralised and decentralised, created and used to implement voting systems.

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Section: D: Systematic Mapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Decentralization on Electronic Voting Systems: A Systematic Literature Survey

Almeida,

Baiardi,

Di Francesco Maesa

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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“…Blockchain technology is a fully distributed and trusted ledger cryptocurrency technology that maintains a tamperproof record of transactional data resulting in transparency, integrity, and verifiability of these transactions [52]- [55]. Satoshi Nakamoto has founded blockchain in 2009, commonly known as Bitcoin [56].…”

Section: Blockchain Model a Blockchainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Internet of Things From Blockchain to IOTA: A Survey

et al. 2022

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Internet of Things (IoT) is the new paradigm to the scaling nature of things and their elements, interconnected, exchanging data over a network supported with nodes. The Ubiquitous use of tiny devices and embedded sensor frameworks has pushed IoT to the forefront of emerging technologies used in many applications like peer-to-peer networks, smart energy grids, home and building automation, vehicle to vehicle communication, and wearable computing devices. This massive growth and extensive use brought forth security risks that could hinder its commencement in many novel applications. The number of interconnected devices leads the way to several entry points for intruders and, along with it, security risks. The sensitive nature of the IoT applications such as health, automation, and energy grids cannot afford security risks. Traditional security mechanisms will not design or develop to secure such an emerging technology as IoT. Existing technologies have to be relied on with the non-existence of security mechanisms for this purpose. Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) is one such technology that can reduce the security risks in IoT. The central node vulnerability that can compromise the whole system can be mitigated by eliminating the need for a central node by using the distributed ledger. Blockchain, a distributed ledger technology, has attracted tremendous attention and harnessed in itself a real-world value. However, computationally costly with limited scalability is not entirely suited for the IoT environment. IoT Application (IOTA) technology is the distributed ledger technology that can provide unlimited scalability specifically suitable for the IoT industry. This survey provides an in-depth introduction to how blockchain performs and its constraints in its nature as a generic platform for DLT. In contrast, IOTA is introduced as the technology for IoT, the next-generation blockchain overcoming blockchain's limitations for its use in IoT.INDEX TERMS IoT, security, IOTA, blockchain. I. INTRODUCTIONThe ''things'' in IoT have reached household appliances and entertainment to wearables, all connected through the internet. The internet of Things (IoT) has had a striking impact on the way we associate with our surroundings [1]-[3]. According to Gartner's forecast, by 2020, we will have about 20.6 billion connected things or more [4]. The idea that all things are super connected to everything, through which information is collected, monitored, and controlled via the internet to interact and interconnect with users, is the central concept of this ubiquitous technology [5], [6]. With the overestimated number of things connecting the IoT to the world, there is no doubt we are already inside the IoT world.The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Yanli Xu .

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“…By using NTRU cryptosystem and choosing a small blind polynomial "b", V encrypts the vote with EC's public key to obscure its originality as At the end of election time, EBB shuffles encrypted votes and sends them to Blockchain Server (BCS). BCS using blockchain methodology makes tampered resistant chain of blocks [26]. Each BCS uses NTRU based homomorphic encryption for tallying process and forwards it to EC for publishing on PVS.…”

Section: Getting Stamp On Vote By Sa For Legalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Smart Card Oriented Secure Electronic Voting Machine Built on NTRU

Shaheen

Yousaf

Jalil

2019

IAJIT

Self Cite

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Free and fair elections are indispensable to quantify the sentiments of the populace for forming the government of representatives in democratic countries. Due to its procedural variation from country to country and complexity, to maneuverer, it is a challenging task. Since the Orthodox paper-based electoral systems are slow and error-prone, therefore, a secure and efficient electoral system always remained a key area of research. Although a lot of literature is available on this topic. However, due to reported anomalies and weaknesses in American and France election in 2016, it once again has become a pivotal subject of research. In this article, we proposed a new secure and efficient electronic voting scheme based on public key cryptosystem dubbed as Number Theory Research Unit (NTRU). Furthermore, an efficient and robust three factors authentication protocol based on a personalized memorable password, a smartcard, and bioHash is proposed to validate the legitimacy of a voter for casting a legal vote. NTRU based blind signatures are used to preserve the anonymity and privacy of vote and voters, whereas the proficiency of secure and efficient counting of votes is achieved through NTRU based homomorphic tally. Non-coercibility and individual verifiability are attained through Mark Pledge scheme. The proposed applied electronic voting scheme is, secure, transparent and efficient for large scale elections.

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Temper proof data distribution for universal verifiability and accuracy in electoral process using blockchain

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Impact of Decentralization on Electronic Voting Systems: A Systematic Literature Survey

Impact of Decentralization on Electronic Voting Systems: A Systematic Literature Survey

Evolution of Internet of Things From Blockchain to IOTA: A Survey

A Smart Card Oriented Secure Electronic Voting Machine Built on NTRU

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