Temperature and assault in an urban environment: An empirical study in the city of Seoul, South Korea

Jung, Yeondae; Chun, Yongwan; Griffith, Daniel A.

doi:10.1016/j.apgeog.2020.102340

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Among the climate characteristics, rising minimum temperatures introduce higher assault rates at the local level. This is largely in line with empirical findings from existing studies that prove temperature impacts on crime [38,64,65]. Precipitation and wind speeds are found to increase assault rates at the local level in most cases.…”

Section: Disscussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…We also adopt a number of control variables that may yield non-negligible impacts on crime so as to avoid any confounding relationships between the dependent and independent variables. First, we look at climate characteristics by drawing from related literature [36][37][38][39], which include mean, minimum, and maximum temperatures, precipitation, and wind speeds. Relevant data is acquired from the Korea National Climate Data Center (https://data.kma.go.kr/ accessed on 4 March 2021).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Air Pollution on Assaults: Findings from South Korea

Eum

Kim

2021

Sustainability

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This study investigates the effects of concentration of air pollution on assault rates for 204 police districts of South Korea from 2001 to 2018. A series of panel spatial Durbin models for the concentration of ozone, fine dust, and nitrogen dioxide—three key air pollutants of the country—identify the significant impacts of air pollution on assault rates that vary from each other. Ozone is expected to induce more assaults both locally and regionally. Fine dust decreases assault rates of an area and also in neighboring areas. Nitrogen dioxide yields positive effects on the surrounding areas’ assault rates but not in area of pollution itself. Findings of this study suggest the need to incorporate active measures on air pollution and violent crime at both city and inter-city levels. They also propose the active sharing of information on air pollution and crime between cities and regions as a collaborative response.

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Section: Disscussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Air Pollution on Assaults: Findings from South Korea

Eum

Kim

2021

Sustainability

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“…For example, both types of models are designed to model continuous variables (e.g., crime rates) following a normal distribution, while this assumption is often invalid for real crime data. Although generalized linear models, such as Poisson, logistic and negative binomial regression models, can be used as an alternative way to solve the problems of nonnormal data, the method would become excessively complex when it incorporated spatially and temporally autocorrelated effects [22,44]. Furthermore, traditional (frequentist) spatial regression methods are incapable of addressing the small number problem, which arises when unstable estimates occur because of low counts of events in small areas and high sampling variation [47].…”

Section: Traditional Modeling Methods For Analyzing Crime Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Bayesian spatiotemporal model has been widely applied in epidemiological studies and disease mapping [48]. Crime studies employing this model have also emerged in Western literature [21][22][23]47,[49][50][51][52]. However, very few crime studies applying the Bayesian approach have been conducted in a Chinese context, except for several case studies in Wuhan, China [25,53,54].…”

Section: Bayesian Modeling Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All the models are fitted using the Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) proposed by Rue et al [19], which was completed in R using the R-INLA package. As an alternative to the conventional method of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), the INLA method are effective in reducing computational time and retain reliable parameter estimates [20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the Spatiotemporal Pattern of Crimes in Changchun, China: A Bayesian Modeling Approach

et al. 2021

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Chinese cities have been undergoing extraordinary changes in many respects during the process of urbanization, which has caused crime patterns to evolve accordingly. This research applies a Bayesian spatiotemporal model to explore and understand the spatiotemporal patterns of crime risk from 2008 to 2017 in Changchun, China. The overall temporal trend of crime risk, the effects of land use covariates, spatial random effects, and area-specific differential trends are estimated through a Bayesian spatiotemporal model fitted using the Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA). The analytical results show that the regression coefficient for the overall temporal trend of crime risk changed from significantly positive to negative after the land use variables are incorporated into the Bayesian spatiotemporal model. The covariates of road density, commercial and recreational land per capita, residential land per capita, and industrial land per capita are found to be significantly associated with crime risk, which relates to classic theories in environmental criminology. In addition, some areas still exhibit significantly increasing crime risks compared with the general trend even after controlling for the land use covariates and the spatial random effects, which may provide insights for law enforcement and researchers regarding where more attention is required since there may be some unmeasured factors causing higher crime trend in these areas.

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Exploring the correlation between temperature and crime: A case-crossover study of eight cities in America

Hu,

Han

et al. 2024

Journal of Safety Science and Resilience

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Temperature and assault in an urban environment: An empirical study in the city of Seoul, South Korea

Cited by 8 publications

References 82 publications

Effects of Air Pollution on Assaults: Findings from South Korea

Effects of Air Pollution on Assaults: Findings from South Korea

Understanding the Spatiotemporal Pattern of Crimes in Changchun, China: A Bayesian Modeling Approach

Exploring the correlation between temperature and crime: A case-crossover study of eight cities in America

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