Temperature and masting control Norway spruce growth, but with high individual tree variability

Hacket‐Pain, Andrew; Ascoli, Davide; Berretti, Roberta; Mencuccini, Maurizio; Motta, Renzo; Nola, Paola; Piussi, P.; Ruffinatto, Flavio; Vacchiano, Giorgio

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2019.02.014

Cited by 41 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Indeed, a positive interaction exists between the timing of masting in white spruce and short‐term crown‐fire effects (Greene et al, ; Peters et al, ; Purdy et al, ). Trees along fire edges or in fire skips, as well as few large surviving individuals in burnt areas, function as seed trees in a post‐fire environment (Pounden et al, ) and may behave as super‐producers accounting for a large portion of overall seed production (Hacket‐Pain et al, ; Minor & Kobe, ). Seeds dispersed shortly after fire germinate more easily due to partial litter consumption, and seedlings can establish more successfully due to canopy openings and lower competition relative to unburnt stands (Peters et al, ; Purdy et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate teleconnections synchronizePicea glaucamasting and fire disturbance: Evidence for a fire‐related form of environmental prediction

et al. 2019

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1. Synchronous pulses of seed masting and natural disturbance have positive feedbacks on the reproduction of masting species in disturbance-prone ecosystems.We test the hypotheses that disturbances and proximate causes of masting are correlated, and that their large-scale synchrony is driven by similar climate teleconnection patterns at both inter-annual and decadal time scales.2. Hypotheses were tested on white spruce (Picea glauca), a masting species which surprisingly persists in fire-prone boreal forests while lacking clear fire adaptations. We built masting, drought and fire indices at regional (Alaska, Yukon, Alberta, Quebec) and sub-continental scales (western North America) spanning the second half of the 20th century. Superposed Epoch Analysis tested the temporal associations between masting events, drought and burnt area at the regional scale. At the sub-continental scale, Superposed Epoch Analysis tested whether El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and its coupled effects with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) in the positive phase (AMO+/ENSO+) synchronize drought, burnt area and masting. We additionally tested the consistency of our synchronization hypotheses on a decadal temporal scale to verify whether long-term oscillations in AMO+/ENSO+ are coherent to decadal variation in drought, burnt area and masting.3. Analyses demonstrated synchronicity between drought, fire and masting. In all regions the year before a mast event was drier and more fire-prone than usual.During AMO+/ENSO+ events sub-continental indices of drought and burnt area experienced significant departures from mean values. The same was observed for large-scale masting in the subsequent year, confirming 1-year lag between fire and masting. Sub-continental indices of burnt area and masting showed in-phase | 1187Journal of Ecology ASCOLI et AL. | 1189Journal of Ecology ASCOLI et AL.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate teleconnections synchronizePicea glaucamasting and fire disturbance: Evidence for a fire‐related form of environmental prediction

et al. 2019

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“…In Norway, spruce large-seed crops were identified as causes of negative pointer years [30] which can be related to the "resource switching" mechanism responsible for a negative correlation between tree-ring growth and seed production [31]. In contrast, Hacket-Pain et al [32] revealed a limited relationship between Norway spruce seed production and the among-population growth synchrony, most likely resulting from within-population variation in cone production. However, there is no evidence of a similar pattern in Scots pine populations, and it is very likely that, also in this species, between-individual variations in seed production exist.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Insect Defoliations and Seed Production on the Dynamics of Radial Growth Synchrony among Scots Pine Pinus sylvestris L. Provenances

Klisz

Puchałka

Wilczynski

et al. 2019

Forests

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The intraspecific variation of climate–growth relationships observed on provenance trials results from among–provenance differences in phenotypic plasticity. Temporal variation in radial growth synchrony among provenances may be modified by adverse climatic/biotic conditions such as drought or insect defoliation. However, these factors can potentially diminish provenance–specific growth reactions and, consequently, prevent the identification of provenances with the highest adaptive potential. Thus, understanding the influence of major biotic conditions on provenance–specific climate–growth relationships seems to be important to anticipate climate change. To determine provenance–specific growth patterns in relation to climate conditions (drought), seed production (reproductive effort), and insect defoliation in a common garden of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), we applied dendroecological techniques to time–series of tree–ring widths and basal area increments. The long–term records of seed production and insect outbreaks from the local Scots pine stands were used to explain the potential effect of biotic factors on the temporal dynamics of radial growth synchrony. During a period of favorable growth conditions, Scots pine provenances showed a decline in inter–provenance synchronicity in growth patterns, while during years affected by severe soil water deficit and insect defoliation, they manifested high uniformity in growth dynamics. The long–term trend in growth synchrony among P. sylvestris provenances depend on both abiotic and biotic environmental factors. This gains significance following an introduction of the appropriate selection of tree provenances for climate–smart forestry.

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“…In other species, frequency of masting increased in Quercus crispula in Japan [45], but no consistent shifts were found in Quercus robur, and Q. petraea in Europe [87]. In Picea abies forests in northern Italy, the frequency of mast years, estimated at the population and individual level, declined in recent decades [88]. Four population-level mast years occurred during the first half of the study (1971-1992, average mast interval = 5.3 years), but only one mast year occurred in the second half of the study (1993-2012, mean interval = 21.0 years), with no mast years occurring since 1995.…”

Section: Frequencymentioning

confidence: 92%

Climate change and plant reproduction: trends and drivers of mast seeding change

Hacket‐Pain¹,

Bogdziewicz²

2021

Preprint

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Climate change is reshaping global vegetation through its impacts on plant mortality, but recruitment creates the next generation of plants and will determine the structure and composition of future communities. Recruitment depends on mean seed production, but also on the interannual variability and among-plant synchrony in seed production, the phenomenon known as mast seeding. Thus, predicting the long-term response of global vegetation dynamics to climate change requires understanding the response of masting to changing climate. Recently, data and methods have become available allowing the first assessments of long-term changes in masting. Reviewing the literature, we evaluate evidence for a fingerprint of climate change on mast seeding and discuss the drivers and impacts of these changes. We divide our discussion into the main characteristics of mast seeding: interannual variation, synchrony, temporal autocorrelation, and mast frequency. Data indicate that masting patterns, are changing, but the direction of that change varies, likely reflecting the diversity of proximate factors underlying masting across taxa. Experiments to understand the proximate mechanisms underlying masting, in combination with the analysis of long-term datasets, will enable us to understand this observed variability in the response of masting. This will allow us to predict future shifts in masting patterns, and consequently ecosystem impacts of climate change via its impacts on masting.

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Temperature and masting control Norway spruce growth, but with high individual tree variability

Cited by 41 publications

References 60 publications

Climate teleconnections synchronizePicea glaucamasting and fire disturbance: Evidence for a fire‐related form of environmental prediction

Climate teleconnections synchronizePicea glaucamasting and fire disturbance: Evidence for a fire‐related form of environmental prediction

The Effect of Insect Defoliations and Seed Production on the Dynamics of Radial Growth Synchrony among Scots Pine Pinus sylvestris L. Provenances

Climate change and plant reproduction: trends and drivers of mast seeding change

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