Temperature and thermal annealing effects on different photovoltaic technologies

Makrides, George; Zinßer, Bastian; Phinikarides, Alexander; Schubert, M.B.; Georghiou, George E.

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2011.11.046

Cited by 117 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The module that was used in the experimental setup is a 10 W polycrystalline silicon module. Literature suggests a power loss of 0.19% to 0.56% per °C for temperatures above 25 °C [30]. This is in line with the results obtained from the experimental data where an average power loss of 0.54% per °C for temperatures above 25 °C was obtained.…”

Section: Temperature Of the Modulesupporting

confidence: 91%

The Use of an Innovative Jig to Stimulate Awareness of Sustainable Technologies among Freshman Engineering Students

Hertzog

Swart

2015

Sustainability

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Renewable energy systems, such as photovoltaic (PV) systems, still require a great deal of research and development in order to improve efficiency, reduce overall manufacturing costs, and to become more sustainable in the future. Solar power production using PV modules has increased and is currently one of the fastest growing energy technologies worldwide, leading to speculation that it will be the main source of electrical power in future. This on-going research and implementation of PV modules and systems necessitates the effective training of technicians, technologists and engineers required to install, maintain or interface with these systems. The Department for Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering at the Central University of Technology, Free State (CUT) in South Africa has implemented a Higher Certificate in Renewable Energy Technologies (HCRET) in January 2014. The purpose of this article is to outline a practical innovative jig that was used to stimulate awareness and understanding of the fundamental operating principles of one specific sustainable technology, namely PV modules. Electronic measurements from this innovative jig are obtained by using an ARDUINO UNO board which interfaces with LabVIEW. Student perceptions of using this innovative jig are further presented, which indicate that the practical experiments were satisfying, challenging, relevant and applicable to PV module operation. OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2015, 7 9101

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Section: Temperature Of the Modulesupporting

confidence: 91%

The Use of an Innovative Jig to Stimulate Awareness of Sustainable Technologies among Freshman Engineering Students

Hertzog

Swart

2015

Sustainability

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“…The corrected annual operational efficiency (η * G ) and aggregated loss of efficiency in the three years studied (∆η * G ) of the photovoltaic array of each technology has been calculated (Equation (16)) again from this new scenario (Table 11). The annual loss of efficiency in all technologies are very similar to the values obtained in studies carried out with the same technologies in other locations [41][42][43][44]. Figure 15 shows the evolution of the monthly-corrected operational efficiency of all technologies.…”

Section: Operating Availability Factor Corrected Energy Yield and Pesupporting

confidence: 73%

“…The energy production of each subsystem depends to a large extent on the operating cells temperature of the modules [40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] which varies according to many factors: the ambient temperature (Tamb), the effective solar radiation, the wind speed [40,89], dirt that can cause hot spots and the characteristics of the installation. With the increase of the module temperature the open circuit voltage decreases and the short-circuit current rises slightly.…”

Section: Temperature Of Operation Of Modulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figures 10 and 11 present the monthly evolution of PR DC and PR AC of all photovoltaic technologies in the years 2013, 2014 and 2015. Due to losses to the photovoltaic modules caused by the temperature, the PRDC values are higher in winter than in summer, it is the inverse evolution to LC except in the a-Si/µc-Si tandem technology where the PRDC value is greater during summer [41][42][43][44]. Dirt in the photovoltaic modules will also affect the annual evolution of the PRDC [63].…”

Section: Energy Yield and Performance Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Energy Performance Analysis of Six Primary Photovoltaic Technologies in Madrid (Spain)

Guerra

Tabernero

et al. 2017

Energies

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There are a wealth of studies on photovoltaic cell technologies, however their performance in different climatic or geographies over an extended period is not completely established. The objective of this paper is to add to this area of study with an analysis of the principle photovoltaic technologies: monocrystalline silicon (mc-Si), polycrystalline silicon (pc-Si), tandem structure of amorphous silicon and microcrystalline silicon (a-Si/µc-Si tandem), cadmium telluride/cadmium sulfide (CdTe/CdS), copper-indium diselenide (CIS) and monocrystalline silicon with double contact back technology (mc-dc-Si), in the climatic conditions particular to the middle latitude urban environment of Madrid (Spain). To carry out this study six photovoltaic subsystems of peak power 1 kWp approximately have been installed for each selected technology on the roof of the Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería y Diseño Industrial (ETSIDI) of the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) in Spain. Each subsystem has an inverter of the same model and power for its connection to the internal electricity network of the university. This paper analyzes the energy performance of the six subsystems, calculating the reference production rates and losses, from February 2013 to December 2015. The result of the study is the extensive capture of data and detailed analysis of real time energy yields and performance ratios of key technologies resulting with patterns in line with those of other regions with comparable climatic conditions.

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“…(11) so the other PV device performance parameters namely are also affected by the spectrum variations [44,62]. Numerous performance analysis studies have been carried out to assess the magnitudes of these effects on different technology based PV devices [65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78]. Hence, for a 1000W/m 2 irradiation level, the operating temperature of the PV devices is transposed to the value at STC which process is known as temperature correction.…”

Section: Spectral Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral irradiance effects on the outdoor performance of photovoltaic modules

Eke

Betts

Gottschalg

2017

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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The outdoor performance of photovoltaic modules is influenced by spectrum. Even if the irradiance level and the operating temperature is the same, performance difference of photovoltaic modules between the seasons can be increase up to 15% depending on the photovoltaic module type. In this paper, seasonal spectral irradiance effects on the outdoor photovoltaic module performance and previous studies has been summarised thoroughly. The spectrum indicators which are used for spectra characteristics, Useful Fraction and Average Photon Energy are described in detail. This study also indicates spectrum effects on PV performance and outlines the present studies investigating this effect.Keywords: spectral effect, photovoltaic module, outdoor performance, useful fraction, average photon energy 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 spectrum, and a module temperature of 25⁰C. However, STC are not representatives of actual outdoor conditions in most regions of the world. Therefore, it is suspected that the score of a PV module by power rating method under STC is different from the actual performance in outdoor conditions [1][2][3][4][5].The performance of photovoltaic (PV) modules installed outdoor is greatly influenced by various ambient environmental factors such as incident irradiance, the module temperature and the spectral irradiance distribution.In this study, solar spectrum, the spectral effects on PV performance is discussed. There are a lot papers presented in different organizations outlines the effect on the installed PV systems. More than 200 studies are reviewed and some of them are published in journals or conference proceedings, the rest are unpublished or contains only local data. Solar Spectrum and Additional Spectral Irradiance DescriptorsEmission of radiation from the sun contributes to the solar spectrum as observed from Earth. Just above the Earth's atmosphere, the radiation intensity, or Solar Constant, is about 1.353 kW/m 2 [6,7] and the spectral distribution is referred to as an air mass zero (AM0) radiation spectrum. The Air Mass is a measure of how absorption in the atmosphere affects the spectral content and intensity of the solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface. The Air Mass number is given by (1) where is the angle of incidence ( when the sun is directly overhead). Moreover, the outdoor solar spectrum distribution changes during a day because of the aerosol and water vapour. Hence, it is rare to fit the standard solar spectrum (Fig.1 Therefore, a new parameter, angle of incidence is defined to explain the position of solar rays on the plane [10]. is a measure of deviation of something from "straight on". A surface directly facing the sun has an of zero, and a surface parallel to the sun (such as a sunrise striking a horizontal plane) has an of 90°. Sunlight with an inc...

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Temperature and thermal annealing effects on different photovoltaic technologies

Cited by 117 publications

References 9 publications

The Use of an Innovative Jig to Stimulate Awareness of Sustainable Technologies among Freshman Engineering Students

The Use of an Innovative Jig to Stimulate Awareness of Sustainable Technologies among Freshman Engineering Students

Comparative Energy Performance Analysis of Six Primary Photovoltaic Technologies in Madrid (Spain)

Spectral irradiance effects on the outdoor performance of photovoltaic modules

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