Temperature-dependent mechanisms of DOM removal by biological activated carbon filters

Moona, Nashita; Wünsch, Urban; Bondelind, Mia; Bergstedt, Olof; Sapmaz, Tugba; Pettersson, Thomas; Murphy, Kathleen R.

doi:10.1039/c9ew00620f

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…71,72 Four PARAFAC components were identified and numbered by the position of their emission maxima (Figures S13 and S15), including three visible (F Vis ; F 398 , F 424 , and F 458 ) components and one UVA (F UVA ; F 338 ) component. 49,74 F 398 and F 424 /F 458 matched the microbial and terrestrial fluorescent components, respectively. 75−77 F 338 matched components associated with tryptophan fluorescence.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Four PARAFAC components were identified and numbered by the position of their emission maxima (Figures S13 and S15), including three visible ( F Vis ; F 398 , F 424 , and F 458 ) components and one UVA ( F UVA ; F 338 ) component. , F 398 and F 424 / F 458 matched the microbial and terrestrial fluorescent components, respectively. − F 338 matched components associated with tryptophan fluorescence . As shown in Figure b, Figure S16, Tables S3 and S4 (details in the Supporting Information), the log K̅ Cu values of F UVA (log K̅ Cu‑UVA ) of DBC were relatively higher than their log K̅ Cu values of F Vis (log K̅ Cu‑Vis ), similar to log K̅ Cu values of L -tyrosine, L -tryptophan, and soil FAs and higher than that of sludge/stalk-biochar-derived DOM. , Moreover, the log K̅ Cu‑Vis values of DBC were lower than those of the studied DOM and was similar to that of sludge/stalk-biochar-derived DOM. , The log K̅ Cu‑Vis values of studied DOM were comparable to those of Suwannee River FA (1S101F), slough-water-derived DOM, and commercial HA .…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel Insights into the Molecular-Level Mechanism Linking the Chemical Diversity and Copper Binding Heterogeneity of Biochar-Derived Dissolved Black Carbon and Dissolved Organic Matter

Song

Shi

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Biochar-derived dissolved black carbon (DBC) varies in chemical composition and significantly affects the environmental fate of metal ions. However, the intrinsic molecular composition of DBC fractions and their molecular interaction mechanisms with metal ions remain unclear. We propose a novel, molecular-level covariant binding mechanism to comparatively interpret the heterogeneities, active sites, and sequential responses of copper binding with molecular compounds in DBC and natural dissolved organic matter (DOM). Relatively large proportions of lipid/aliphatic/peptide-like compounds with low mass distributions and lignin-like compounds with oxidized/unsaturated groups existed in acidic-and alkaline-extracted DBC, respectively. A larger percentage of tannin-like/condensed aromatic compounds and higher average conditional stability constants (logK̅ Cu ) of visible fluorescent components were found for DOM than for DBC. Overall, 200−320 Da and 320−480 Da molecular components contributed significantly to the logK̅ Cu values of UVA and visible fluorescent components, respectively, in DBC/DOM. Nitrogenous groups likely exhibited stronger binding affinities than phenolic/carboxylic groups. The sequential copper-binding responses of molecular compounds in DBC/DOM generally followed the order lipid/aliphatic/peptide-like compounds → tannin-like compounds → condensed aromatic compounds. These insights will improve the prediction of the potential effects of DBC on various contaminants and the risks of biochar application to ecosystems.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Insights into the Molecular-Level Mechanism Linking the Chemical Diversity and Copper Binding Heterogeneity of Biochar-Derived Dissolved Black Carbon and Dissolved Organic Matter

Song

Shi

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…These data may suggest that while the biofilters are adjusting from high nutrient (i.e., LMW neutral DOC) availability to lower availability, biofilters may release some DOC while communities adjust to these shifts. Moona et al 70 suggested such shifts when periods of low biological activity coincided with negative concentration gradients and attributed their observations to organic matter desorption from filter media. While these brief periods of performance difference cannot be elucidated mechanistically herein, they underscore the need to better understand DOC removal mechanisms (e.g., adsorption, biodegradation, bioregeneration) in biological filtration processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological filtration is resilient to wildfire ash-associated organic carbon threats to drinking water treatment

Blackburn

Emelko

Dickson‐Anderson

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Elevated/altered levels of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in water can be challenging to treat after wildfire. Biologically-mediated treatment removes some DOM; its ability to remove elevated/altered post-fire dissolved organic carbon (DOC) resulting from wildfire ash was therefore investigated. The treatment of low, medium, and high wildfire ash-amended source waters by bench-scale biofilters was evaluated in duplicate. Turbidity and DOC were typically well-removed during periods of stable operation (effluent turbidity ≤ 0.3 NTU in 93% of samples, average DOC removal ~20% in all biofilters during periods of non- impaired DOC removal). Daily DOC removal across all biofilters was generally consistent, suggesting that the wildfire ash and associated water extractable organic matter did not reduce the DOC biodegradation capacity of the biofilters. DOM fractionation indicated that this was because the low molecular weight neutral (which are known to be readily biodegradable) and biopolymer fractions of DOM were reduced; however, humics were largely recalcitrant. Thus, biological filtration may be resilient to wildfire ash-associated DOM threats to drinking water treatment. However, operational resilience may be compromised if the balance between readily removed and recalcitrant fractions of DOM change, as was observed when baseline source water quality fluctuated for brief periods during the investigation.

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“…32,33 Protein-like fractions can be distinguished from humic and fulvic acids, with different subfractions potentially responding differently to biological treatment. 13,34,35 However, despite its potential for revealing detailed dynamics of DOM removal, fluorescence spectroscopy has yet to be used to study the interaction between EBCT and DOM removal for Filtralite media at batch, pilot, or full scale.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full-Scale Manipulation of the Empty Bed Contact Time to Optimize Dissolved Organic Matter Removal by Drinking Water Biofilters

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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A study was conducted at a water treatment plant to optimize parallel rapid gravity biofilters for dissolved organic matter (DOM) removal. The biofilters treat urban and agriculturally impacted river water using a commercial non-adsorptive, expanded-clay filter medium. The study aimed to locate the optimal operating conditions via experimental manipulation of the biofilter empty bed contact time (EBCT) during full-scale operation at the plant. During a two-month experiment, contact times in four parallel biofilters were switched to and maintained at 15, 30, 50, and 80 min by manipulating the hydraulic loading on each filter. The removal efficiency of organic matter fractions increased with EBCT for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and microbial humic-like (F290/420) and protein-like (F280/340) fluorescent organic matter. Other DOM fractions were largely unaffected by biofiltration, or at slightly higher concentrations in the effluent. Protein-like fluorescence is associated with labile organic matter fractions, which are known to be removed poorly by drinking water treatment barriers apart from biological filters. The results suggest that long contact times (>30 min) have advantages for the operation of some biological filters, especially if placed ahead of barriers that are sensitive to biofouling, e.g., membranes.

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Temperature-dependent mechanisms of DOM removal by biological activated carbon filters

Abstract: Physical and chemical adsorption by aged biological active carbon (BAC) filters were observed for some organic matter fractions, and may represent important removal mechanisms during periods of low microbial activity.

Cited by 17 publications

References 61 publications

Novel Insights into the Molecular-Level Mechanism Linking the Chemical Diversity and Copper Binding Heterogeneity of Biochar-Derived Dissolved Black Carbon and Dissolved Organic Matter

Novel Insights into the Molecular-Level Mechanism Linking the Chemical Diversity and Copper Binding Heterogeneity of Biochar-Derived Dissolved Black Carbon and Dissolved Organic Matter

Biological filtration is resilient to wildfire ash-associated organic carbon threats to drinking water treatment

Full-Scale Manipulation of the Empty Bed Contact Time to Optimize Dissolved Organic Matter Removal by Drinking Water Biofilters

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