Temperature dependent morphological changes on algal growth and cell surface with dairy industry wastewater: an experimental investigation

Abstract

In the present study, influence of temperature and dairy industry waste water (DIWW) concentration on the growth of Chlorella pyrenoidosa has been done along with the thermodynamic analysis of different functions viz. change in enthalpy (∆H), change in entropy (∆S), free energy change (∆G), and activation energy (E a ) to study the impact on cell size distribution and morphological changes. Among the studied temperatures, higher biomass productivity was observed at 35 °C at 75% of DIWW. Thermodynamic analysis showed the spontaneous and exothermic nature of growth of C. pyrenoidosa. Experimental data have significantly proven the kinetic and thermodynamics functions with 35 °C temperature, ∆H (− 46.78 kJ mol −1 ), ∆S (− 0.10 kJ mol −1 ), ∆G (− 14.8 kJ mol -1 ), and E a (49.28 kJ mol −1 ). At this temperature, size distribution showed maximum percentage (48%) cells were of 6540 nm, whereas the minimum percentage (3%) cells were of 2750 nm. SEM-EDX study revealed that increase in temperature leads to increase in roughness and elemental deposition of metal on cell surface.

The effect of temperature conditions during growth on the transformation frequency of Coccomyxa subellipsoidea C-169 obtained by electroporation

“…Temperature is the major physical factor affecting algal growth and cell size [ 29 , 30 ]. For example, an inverse correlation was reported between temperature and the cell size of plankton [ 31 ].…”

Tropical red alga <italic>Compsopogon caeruleus</italic>: an indicator of thermally polluted waters of Europe in the context of temperature and oxygen requirements

“…Therefore, our temperature gradient probably did not inhibit NDPK or other enzymes that are involved in nucleotide metabolism. It must be highlighted that unsuitable low or high temperatures (nonoptimal) may limit plants, including algae, development, e.g., growth rate, by decreasing enzyme activities / capacities and ultimately depleting ATP level below requirements (Raven and Geider 1988, Atkin and Tjoelker 2003, Nejrup et al 2013, Ahmad et al 2020.…”

Comparative Analysis of Laboratory-Based and Spectroscopic Methods Used to Estimate the Algal Density of Chlorella vulgaris

“…The growth rate and biomass production of algae communities, as well as the chemical composition of algae cells (cellular content), significantly depend on various environmental factors (e.g., illumination, temperature, and nutrients) [52,[65][66][67][68]. Therefore, successful and effective algal biotechnology highly depends on the algal species selection and the specific culture conditions [69][70][71][72].…”