Template bleeding time and thromboxane generation in the horse: Effects of three non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs

Kopp, Karin; Moore, James N.; Byars, T. Douglas; Brooks, Paula

doi:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1985.tb02509.x

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Some authors have described TBT as a reproducible in vivo test to assess platelet function in horses. 8 Neverthe- less, when comparing TBT values in healthy horses reported in different studies (Table 1), it is not easy to decide which of the reported ranges can be considered reliable because of the high variability in TBT values. In addition, in the few studies available, data are often incomplete and very few horses were used in most of them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TBT determination was performed following the technique described by Kopp et al 8 Briefly, standard venostasis was achieved by placing a blood pressure cuff proximal to the sampling area and inflating it to a pressure of 40 mmHg for 1 minute. Immediately after, TBT was performed in duplicate by simultaneously using 2 automated devices c , which produced 4 standardized cuts of 5 mm length and 1 mm depth in the skin, avoiding visible superficial blood vessels.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 Different studies have demonstrated that TBT is prolonged after ASA administration in horses, [8][9][10][11][12] although no changes in TBT have been observed after treatment with other drugs such as flunixin meglumine or phenylbutazone, 8 or after administration of unfractioned and low-molecular-weight heparins. 13 Despite the fact that TBT has been used in horses in different clinical situations, and that it is considered to be a reproducible test by some authors, 8 there are no reproducibility studies or reference intervals available, and the mean TBT values differ greatly among healthy animals in different studies. Because TBT has been shown to have poor reproducibility in humans, 7 we hypothesized that TBT was not reproducible in horses and would not be able to detect the effect of etamsylate administration in this species.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Poor Reproducibility of Template Bleeding Time in Horses

Segura

Monreal

2008

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Template bleeding time (TBT) is considered to be a useful test for detecting platelet function disorders and the effect of platelet-activating drugs, but studies in human medicine have concluded that the test has poor reproducibility and sensitivity.Hypothesis: TBT has poor reproducibility in horses and has insufficient sensitivity to detect the effect of etamsylate on platelet function.Animals: Twenty healthy horses. Methods: TBT was determined and repeated 2 hours and 30 days later. TBT was also performed 2 hours after IV administration of etamsylate.Results: Although no statistical differences were seen between the TBT values obtained at different times, the coefficients of variation for TBT replicates ranged from 26.8% to 45.5%. The reference range for TBT was 138.4-860.4 seconds. No statistically significant shortening of the mean TBT value was observed after etamsylate administration.Conclusion and Clinical Importance: TBT has poor reproducibility, and the reference range is too wide to make TBT useful in a clinical setting. Other tests with higher reproducibility should be considered when assessing platelet function disorders in horses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Poor Reproducibility of Template Bleeding Time in Horses

Segura

Monreal

2008

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…The use of a standardised template enables identical skin incisions to be made for each bleeding time determination and has been previously standardised and shown to be a sensitive indicator of platelet function in horses (Kopp et a/ 1985). Small iv doses of aspirin, 4 and 12 mg/kg bwt, elevated mean bleeding time in the treated groups for 4 and 48 h respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), including flunixin and phenylbutazone, are used extensively in equine medicine but only reversibly inhibit platelet cyclo-oxygenase. Their effects on platelet aggregation (Meyers, Lindner, Katz and Grant 1979) and serum TXB2 (Kopp, Moore, Byars and Brooks 1985;Lees, Ewins, Taylor and Sedgwick 1987) are correlated with plasma levels of the drug.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antithrombotic actions of aspirin in the horse

Cambridge

Lees

Hooke

et al. 1991

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Summary The antithrombotic effects of aspirin at two dose rates (4 mg/kg and 12 mg/kg bodyweight [bwt]) were evaluated in normal, healthy ponies by measuring template bleeding time. Inhibition of platelet aggregation in response to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and collagen was evaluated and cyclo‐oxygenase activity was monitored by radioimmunoassay of thromboxane B2 (TXB2), the stable metabolite of thromboxane A2 (TXA2). TXB2 was measured in serum and platelet rich plasma. Bleeding time was prolonged significantly until 48 h after treatment at 12 mg/kg bwt and until 4 h at the lower dose rate. Synthesis of TXB2 and collagen induced aggregation were diminished for much greater periods with similar results at each of the dose rates. The prolonged effects of aspirin on platelet function occurred in spite of a very short plasma half‐life of aspirin, because of its irreversible action on platelet cyclo‐oxygenase. The results show that low dose aspirin has a potential role in antithrombotic therapy in horses although the relationship between skin bleeding time in normal horses and improvement of clinical conditions requires further research and evaluation in clinical trials. TXB2 measurement appears to overestimate the duration of antithrombotic effects of aspirin in vivo.

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Pharmacology of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs

Cole¹

2014

Equine Pharmacology

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Template bleeding time and thromboxane generation in the horse: Effects of three non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs

Cited by 32 publications

References 8 publications

Poor Reproducibility of Template Bleeding Time in Horses

Poor Reproducibility of Template Bleeding Time in Horses

Antithrombotic actions of aspirin in the horse

Pharmacology of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs

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