Template-free and fast one-step synthesis from enzymatic hydrolysis lignin to hierarchical porous carbon for CO2 capture

Chen, Weimin; Wang, Xin; Hashisho, Zaher; Feizbakhshan, Mohammad; Shariaty, Pooya; Niknaddaf, Saeid; Zhou, Xiaoyan

doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2019.01.042

Cited by 41 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The increase in the I D /I G value from 0.85 to 0.92 may be related to the development of a porous structure, which was observed during the pore structure analysis. The I D /I G ratio of the EPC-8 sample (0.92) is comparable to the values reported in previous studies (0.91, [15] 0.98, [38] 0.96 [39] ). This finding can be attributed to its well-developed porous structure and disordered carbon structures.…”

Section: Morphology and Structuresupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Previous works have reported that ZnCl 2 is commonly used as a microwave porogen to achieve direct conversion from biomass into PC based on its desirable microwave absorption and heat carrying properties . However, PC with ZnCl 2 activation based on microwave heating exhibits much lower SSAs (603–1459 m 2 g −1 ) compared to PC with KOH activation (1122–2870 m 2 g −1 ) . Therefore, developing a direct microwave heating method with KOH activation is crucial for enhancing PC properties and reducing production cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[12] However, PC with ZnCl 2 activation based on microwave heating exhibits much lower SSAs (603-1459 m 2 g À 1 ) compared to PC with KOH activation (1122-2870 m 2 g À 1 ). [13][14][15] Therefore, developing a direct microwave heating method with KOH activation is crucial for enhancing PC properties and reducing production cost. However, the direct microwave conversion from EHL to PC is difficult because EHL and KOH both absorb very little microwave energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Direct Microwave Conversion from Lignin to Micro/Meso/Macroporous Carbon for High‐Performance Symmetric Supercapacitors

et al. 2019

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Enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL) is a common biomass that is difficult to use for the synthesis of porous carbon (PC) via direct microwave heating because it absorbs very little microwave energy. In this study, a novel method was developed to synthesize high‐performance PC directly from EHL using only 8 min of microwave heating. The resulting PC exhibits a high specific surface area of 2482 m2 g−1 and a hierarchical pore distribution with a high mesopore content of 35.6 % and oxygen content of 17.1 %. Nitrogen (as a protecting gas) passes through water molecules provided by steam to absorb microwave energy and acts as a physical porogen to form mesopores. Using solid KOH allows one to bypass the time‐consuming drying process and generate sufficient micropores. Additionally, fast self‐pyrolysis and a high heating rate lead to the generation of both mesopores and macropores in a PC framework. Furthermore, multiple active centers can be formed during microwave heating and subsequently stabilized by oxidation once the PC is exposed to an air atmosphere, resulting in the attachment of oxygen functional groups to the PC surface. Based on these desirable physicochemical characteristics, the PC electrodes fabricated in this study exhibit a high specific capacitance of 338 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and high capacitance retention of 86 % at 10 A g−1. The final PC‐based supercapacitor delivers a maximum energy density of 17.1 Wh kg−1 in a Na2SO4 electrolyte and 8.6 Wh kg−1 in a KOH electrolyte.

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Section: Morphology and Structuresupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Direct Microwave Conversion from Lignin to Micro/Meso/Macroporous Carbon for High‐Performance Symmetric Supercapacitors

et al. 2019

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“…Previous works considered that macropores would provide a high adsorption rate by reducing the diffusion distance and increasing mass transfer rate [ 34 ]. Here, we wanted to find some evidence for this view.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of Oxygen-Rich Carbon Foams for Rapid Carbon Dioxide Capture

Duan

Zou

et al. 2020

Materials

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As carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorbents, porous materials with high specific surface areas and abundant CO2-philic groups always exhibit high CO2 capacities. Based on this consensus, a category of oxygen-rich macroporous carbon foams was fabricated from macroporous resorcinol-formaldehyde resins (PRFs), which were obtained via an oil-in-water concentrated emulsion. By the active effect of potassium hydroxide (KOH) at high temperatures, the resultant carbon foams (ACRFs) possessed abundant micropores with rich oxygen content simultaneously. At the same time, most of the ACRFs could retain the marcoporous structure of their precursor. It is found that porosity of ACRFs was mainly determined by carbonization temperature, and the highest specific surface areas and total pore volume of ACRFs could reach 2046 m2/g and 0.900 cm3/g, respectively. At 273 K, ACRFs showed highest CO2 capacity as 271 mg/g at 1 bar and 91.5 mg at 15 kPa. Furthermore, it is shown that the ultra-micropore volume was mainly responsible for the CO2 capacities of ACRFs at 1 bar, and CO2 capacities at 15 kPa were mainly affected by the oxygen content. It is also found that the presence of macropores would accelerate ACRFs adsorbing CO2. This study provides ideas for designing a porous CO2 adsorbent.

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“…The surface chemical properties of porous carbon have a strong effect on its adsorption capacity . Also, because CO 2 is an acid gas, introducing basic groups (e.g., basic nitrogen functionalities) on the surface of porous carbon can increase its ability to adsorb CO 2 . , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Nitrogen-Doped Cellulose-Based Porous Carbon and Its Carbon Dioxide Adsorption Properties

et al. 2021

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Nitrogen-doped cellulose-based porous carbon materials were obtained by hydrothermal method and KOH chemical activation together with melamine as a nitrogen-doping precursor. The effects of hydrothermal temperature on the microstructure and surface morphology of the products were mainly studied. Also, the carbon dioxide adsorption capacity of the prepared porous carbon was investigated. It was found that when the hydrothermal carbonization temperature was 270 °C and the mass ratio of cellulose and melamine was 1:1, the largest micropore specific surface area of 1703 m2·g–1 and micropore volume of 0.65 cm3·g–1 were obtained, with a nitrogen-doping composition of 1.68 atom %. At the temperature of 25 °C and under the pressure of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 MPa, the adsorption amount of CO2 was 1.56, 3.79, 5.42, and 7.34 mmol·g–1, respectively. Also, the adsorption process of CO2 was in good accordance with the Freundlich isotherm model.

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Template-free and fast one-step synthesis from enzymatic hydrolysis lignin to hierarchical porous carbon for CO2 capture

Cited by 41 publications

References 48 publications

Direct Microwave Conversion from Lignin to Micro/Meso/Macroporous Carbon for High‐Performance Symmetric Supercapacitors

Direct Microwave Conversion from Lignin to Micro/Meso/Macroporous Carbon for High‐Performance Symmetric Supercapacitors

Construction of Oxygen-Rich Carbon Foams for Rapid Carbon Dioxide Capture

Preparation of Nitrogen-Doped Cellulose-Based Porous Carbon and Its Carbon Dioxide Adsorption Properties

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