Template-free self-assembly of three-dimensional porous graphitic carbon nitride nanovesicles with size-dependent photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution

Highly Porous Thin-Layer g-C3N4 Nanosheets with Enhanced Adsorption Capacity

“…Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) is considered as one of the most promising metal-free semiconductor materials for various energy and environmental applications, involving, among others, photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, − photocatalytic degradation of pollutants, , sensors, , and adsorbents. , The recent advances in relation to the synthesis methods, growth mechanism, modification strategies, and current applications of mesoporous g-C 3 N 4 have been recently reviewed . Generally, g-C 3 N 4 , composing form non-metal, earth-abundant elements (carbon and nitrogen), is characterized as the most stable allotrope among various carbon nitrides under ambient conditions .…”

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)-based photocatalytic materials for hydrogen evolution

“…Zhang et al utilized a simple bottom-up supramolecular self-assembly route to assemble a porous 3D g-C 3 N 4 with high crystallinity and applied it to photocatalytic water splitting ( Chen et al, 2019 ). In 2022, Guo et al reported a facile template-free self-assembly method to synthesize three-dimensional porous g-C 3 N 4 nanovesicles for achieving efficient and durable photocatalytic generation of H 2 , and the large-size vesicles exhibited the high H 2 production rate of 10.3 mmol h −1 g −1 ( Sun et al, 2022 ). And 3D onion-ring-like g-C 3 N 4 was made from silica microsphere as a hard-template, which affored excellent properties such as large specific surface area, strong optical absorption, high dispersion, for the efficient water splitting with 5-fold higher than that of pristine g-C 3 N 4 ( Cui et al, 2018 ; Shi et al, 2022 ).…”

“…However, the type II structures and Z -schemes in the pioneering reports require deep optimization of the electron transport path in g-C 3 N 4 homojunctions, since the redox potentials were depressed to inhibit the improvement of photocatalytic performance. The barrier could be overcome by the inspiration of S -scheme heterojunction proposed by Yu’s group ( Xu et al, 2020 ), Guo et al fabricated the S -scheme homojunctions with high-crystalline/amorphous g-C 3 N 4 (HCCN/ACN) with solvothermal method, which was applied in photocatalytic H 2 production with the evolution rates of 5.534 mmol h −1 g −1 in water and 3.147 mmol h −1 g −1 in seawater ( Sun et al, 2022 ).…”

Removing unreacted amino groups in graphitic carbon nitride through residual heating to improve the photocatalytic performance

“…[10][11][12][13] Pristine g-C 3 N 4 , however, suffers from many drawbacks, including narrow optical absorption range, high recombination efficiency of charge carriers, low specic surface area, and so on, which make its photocatalytic performance unsatisfactory. [14][15][16][17][18] Up to now, many strategies, including building heterojunctions, 19,20 doping, 21 and morphology controlling, 22,23 have been developed to improve the photocatalytic performance of g-C 3 N 4 materials.…”