Temporal and Spatial Effects of Urbanization on Regional Thermal Comfort

Abstract

Human urbanization has a great impact on the surface ecological environment, and few existing studies have explored the impact of urbanization on regional comfort on a long time scale. This study took Chenggong District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China, where urbanization was obvious, as the study area, and used the comfort evaluation model to evaluate the annual summer Discomfort Index (DI) in different periods of urbanization. Meanwhile, the impact strength of each factor characterizing human activities (Impervious surface, Gross National Product, and Total Population) on DI changes was analyzed, and the contribution rate of the main factors was quantified. The experimental results show that (1) over the past 20 years, under the background of the rapid economic development of Chenggong District, the annual average DI in summer showed an upward trend. The growth rate after the completion of University Town (2010–2020, Post-UT) was higher than that before the completion of University Town (2001–2005, Pre-UT). University Town was growing much faster than other regions. The monthly average DI changes were similar to the annual average changes. However, due to the movement of students in University Town during the summer vacation, the growth rate of DI in June was significantly higher than that in other months. (2) In terms of spatial changes, DI in the central and northwestern parts of Chenggong District increased significantly from 2001 to 2020. There were differences in the change rate before and after the completion of University Town. The area occupied by significant growth areas in June was much higher than in other months. It is proved that the economic and social development of Chenggong District would impact the regional human comfort, and the construction of University Town has aggravated the intensity of this impact. (3) In the during-UT, affected by the complex changes in land use types, the DI in Chenggong District showed fluctuations in time, but there was no obvious change in space. (4)The correlation and contribution analysis showed that the annual average DI in summer was closely related to human activities, especially the impervious surface had a strong contribution rate of 52.7%. The research shows that the development of new cities would have a strong impact on regional DI changes. And the obtained results will provide theoretical support for rational planning and management in the process of urban development in the future, thereby promoting the sustainable development of the region.

Study on the Coupling Relationship between Relocation for Poverty Alleviation and Spatiotemporal Evolution of Rocky Desertification in Karst Areas of Southwest China

“…The ecological benefits of ex situ poverty alleviation and relocation include not only the ecological restoration of the emigration place but also the improvement of the ecological environment of the emigration place. In the process of urbanization, the influx of a large number of people has a great impact on the surface ecological environment [57], and the concentration of the population has increased the interference with environmental factors, resulting in the destruction of the stability of the quasi-native environment [58]. This problem should be paid attention to, and ecological benefits should be discussed from a more comprehensive perspective.…”

A Comparative Analysis of Outdoor Thermal Comfort Indicators Applied in China and Other Countries

“…Firstly, research on the application of outdoor thermal comfort indicators combines satellite remote sensing imagery and urban climate monitoring data to investigate regional outdoor thermal comfort at different spatiotemporal scales. For instance, Zhang, Yang et al conducted a study in Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan, evaluating summer discomfort indexes for different time periods [106]. Cao, Qian et al utilized a high-precision local climate zone (LCZ) map of downtown Wuhan to simulate 2 m heat indexes (HI) [201].…”