Temporal and spatial variation characteristics of atmospheric emissions of Cd, Cr, and Pb from coal in China

Tian, Hezhong; Cheng, Ke; Wu, Yan; Zhao, Dan; Lu, Lu; Jia, Wenxiao; Hao, Jiming

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.12.045

Cited by 217 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The statistical data of coal consumption and detailed emission factors are adopted to calculate the atmospheric emissions of Cd from coal burning. In this study, the methodologies for determining the average content of Cd in coals as produced and consumed at provincial levels are consistent with the previous detailed analysis, the detail algorithms for determining Cd content in coals as consumed, cleaned coals, coal briquettes, and cokes as produced can be referred to the previous studies (Tian et al 2010(Tian et al , 2011(Tian et al , 2012a. The data sources and final Cd content in coal products as consumed are listed in Table S1-S4 of the Supplemental Information (SI).…”

Section: Coal Combustionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Based on the results of variability analysis of Cd content in coals by bootstrap simulation (Tian et al 2011(Tian et al , 2012a, the Monte Carlo simulation is used to quantify the uncertainty of Cd emissions depending on available activity data and emission factors distribution. The emissions of anthropogenic sources with uncertainty (95 % confidence interval around the arithmetic mean value) are shown in Table 3.…”

Section: Uncertainty Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By now, the understanding on the situation of anthropogenic atmospheric emissions of Cd in China is quite limited compared with some other trace elements such as mercury and antimony, and there have been few published estimates to date of Cd emissions in China (Tian et al 2010(Tian et al , 2012a. The development of a complete emission inventory is an important step in an air quality management process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Atmospheric emission inventory of cadmium from anthropogenic sources

Cheng

Tian

Zhao

et al. 2013

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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To demonstrate the atmospheric emission characteristics of cadmium (Cd), which is considered an important contaminant to human health and environment, a comprehensive emission inventory of Cd has been established by applying the best available emission factors and activity data for the first time. This inventory covers major anthropogenic sources in China and a bottom-up approach is adopted to compile the inventory for the sources where possible. The total emissions of Cd are estimated at about 743.77 metric tons for the year 2009, of which the contributions of industrial processes and combustion sources are approximately 56.6 and 43.4 %, respectively. Nonferrous metals smelting including copper, lead, and zinc, ranks as the leading source accounting for about 40.6 % of the total. The high contribution results from the rapid growth of nonferrous metallurgical industry that reflects a new focus of Cd emission pollution in China. Cd emissions from coal combustion are estimated at approximately 273.69 metric tons, with a share of 36.8 %, in which industrial coal-burning sector is thought to be the primary source. Moreover, Cd emissions are spatially allocated onto grid cells with a resolution of 0.5°9 0.5°, indicating that the emissions are mainly distributed among the regions of eastern, central and southern China. In addition, the uncertainties in the inventory are quantified by using a Monte Carlo simulation, and the overall uncertainty falls within a range of -15 to 48 %. It implies that more field tests for industrial coal combustion and metals smelting process are very necessary.

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Section: Coal Combustionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Uncertainty Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Atmospheric emission inventory of cadmium from anthropogenic sources

Cheng

Tian

Zhao

et al. 2013

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…For CFPs, because of the quality diversity of coal produced and interprovincial coal flows, the ash content of coal consumed differs from one province to another. In this study, coal transfer matrixes were applied to determine the ash content of coal consumed in each province, which was consistent with the methodology in our previous studies (Tian et al, 2010(Tian et al, , 2012Cheng et al, 2015). The provincial ash content of coal produced was compiled from the averaged value of commercial coal from the primary mining area, as shown in SI Fig.…”

Section: Emission Factors Of Pm 25mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission Characteristics and Control Prospects of Primary PM2.5 from Fossil Fuel Power Plants in China

Wang

Cheng

Tian

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

Self Cite

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In this study, a unit-based approach was used to establish an integrated emission inventory of primary PM 2.5 from fossil fuel (coal, oil, and natural gas) power plants in China. The inventory was of high spatial and temporal resolution, and composed of detailed chemical speciation. In 2014, the total emissions were estimated to be approximately 669.53 kt. The emissions of primary PM 2.5 from coal-fired power plants (CFPs) were 668.56 kt, making CFPs the largest contributor. The emissions of primary PM 2.5 from oil-fired power plants (OFPs) and natural gas-fired power plants (GFPs) were approximately 17.41 t and 945.60 t, respectively. Spatial distribution features demonstrated that the emissions in the eastern and central provinces of China were much higher than those in the west, except for provinces involved in the "west-to-east power transmission" project. For CFPs, crustal elements and water-soluble inorganic ions were the primary species of PM 2.5 . By contrast, for OFPs and GFPs, carbonaceous components were the predominant species of PM 2.5 . Moreover, this study conducted a scenario analysis of changes in PM 2.5 emissions resulting from technical advancement, penetration, and substitution of CFPs by GFPs for the target years.

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“…With CWS and CWSP, the main emphasis is on the use of low-rank coals, organic wastes, and black oils [8][9][10]. This results from the need to meet several objectives [8,9]: to reduce the dispersion of sulfur and carbon oxides during coal combustion, to expand the raw material resources base in order to produce fuels from the corresponding wastes, to improve combustion efficiency of low-rank coals, and to utilize organic wastes and black oils more effectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Potential of Using Coal-Processing Waste as the Primary and Secondary Fuel for Energy Providers

2017

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Abstract:The main anthropogenic emissions (CO, CO 2 , NO x , SO x ) produced by the processing (combustion) of wastes (coal filter cakes) were measured directly for the first time. The research considered the most widespread coal filter cakes: those of nonbaking, low-caking, coking, flame, and gas coals. These filter cakes are regarded as promising components for the technologies of coal-water slurry (CWS) and coal-water slurry containing petrochemicals (CWSP). According to our estimates, the annual increment of such wastes in the world is as high as 100 million tons. Consequently, the effective utilization of these wastes in the power industry is of high interest. The evaluation of hazardous emissions from the combustion of such wastes shows that filter cakes produce a similar amount of CO and CO 2 as the initially-used coals but filter cakes are more cost-effective. We have established that CWS and CWSP technologies can be used to reduce NO x and SO x emissions. To reduce CO and CO 2 emissions when burning filter cakes, we need to switch to low-temperature combustion. Lowering the combustion temperature of filter cakes from 850 • C down to 650 • C decreases the underburning insignificantly while decreasing CO and CO 2 emissions by 30-40%.

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Temporal and spatial variation characteristics of atmospheric emissions of Cd, Cr, and Pb from coal in China

Cited by 217 publications

References 23 publications

Atmospheric emission inventory of cadmium from anthropogenic sources

Atmospheric emission inventory of cadmium from anthropogenic sources

Emission Characteristics and Control Prospects of Primary PM2.5 from Fossil Fuel Power Plants in China

Environmental Potential of Using Coal-Processing Waste as the Primary and Secondary Fuel for Energy Providers

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