Temporal changes of a coastal small-scale fishery system within a tropical metropolitan city

Length-based estimates of growth parameters and mortality rates of fish populations from a coastal zone in the Southeastern Brazil

“…The Itaipu coastal zone (22°53'14" S, 43°04'00" W) covers an intensive small-scale (artisanal) fishery established in the area since the 18 th century. Today, nearly 110 fishermen realize their catches in areas down to 50 m deep (Loto et al 2018). The area is located to the west of the mouth of Guanabara Bay and forms a semi-sheltered cove protected by three coastal islands (Fig.…”

“…A small-scale fishery operating in the coastal zone of Itaipu has a key socioeconomic role for local fishers and the communities in which they live. More than 90 species are captured in different fishing gears, leading to an estimated annual production of 108 tons (CPUE = 38.8 kg*trip −1 ) (Loto et al 2018). Beach seining is the traditional fishery, practiced for over 100 years, and responsible for half of the total production volume.…”

“…It is an area of 3,943.28 hectares in which fishers, government, and local civil society representatives define management strategies for the sustainable use of fisheries and natural resources (Brasil 2011). Several studies in the area focused on the anthropological aspects of fishers organization and traditional knowledge (Kant de Lima and Pereira 1997), fisheries production (Tubino et al 2007), species list and connectivity between nursery habitats and fishing grounds (Monteiro-Neto et al 2008) and changes in the fishery over time (Tubino et al 2014, Loto et al 2018. Nevertheless, few attempts have addressed the development of monitoring programs to collect life history information of the predominant stocks exploited by this small-scale fishery.…”

Fishermen Ecological Knowledge and Complex Adaptive Systems: An Interpretative Model for Small-Scale Fisheries

“…Both locations harbor artisanal fishery communities in which traditional fishing practices are conducted with large dugout canoes carrying beach seines of a few hundred meters. Fishermen adopt two different fishing strategies: "cerco-com-vigia", a strategy that relies on visual school targeting (mostly pelagic migratory fishes wandering closer to the shore) and waiting for fish schools to come within fishing grounds; and "lance-à-fortuna" in which the beach seine is cast on a by-chance manner, without any specific target (may include the capture of pelagic and demersal species) (BRITTO, 1999;LIMA;PEREIRA, 1997;LOTO et al, 2018;TUBINO et al, 2014). The fishing operation may include six to seven fishermen with defined roles, in the moment of encircling the schools.…”

“…The ecological knowledge of artisanal fishermen from Arraial do Cabo and Itaipu have changed over time in order to keep up with the time transformations. These changes over time include but are not limited to demographic growth, physical changes on the beach and within the limits of their fishing areas (BRITTO, 1999;LIMA;PEREIRA, 1997), depletion of fishery resources on traditional fishing grounds (LOTO et al, 2018;TUBINO et al, 2014), and most of all the establishment of a marine protected area known as "Reserva Extrativista Marinha" (marine extractive reserve, which is a kind of marine protected area defined by the Brazilian system of conservation units) (LOBÃO 2010a; ORENSANZ; SEIJO, 2013). The changes in FEK includes the reorganization in the number of "companhas", rearrangement of "companheiros" from one "companha" to another, the introduction of additional fishing gears and technologies such as different apparatus than the beach seine as well as changes in their traditional fishing methods.…”