Temporal dynamics of the carbon isotope composition in a Pinus sylvestris stand: from newly assimilated organic carbon to respired carbon dioxide

Kodama, Nobuhiro; Barnard, Romain L.; Salmon, Yann; Weston, Christopher J.; Ferrio, Juan Pedro; Holst, Jutta; Werner, Roland A.; Saurer, Matthias; Rennenberg, Heinz; Buchmann, Nina; Geßler, Arthur

doi:10.1007/s00442-008-1030-1

Cited by 138 publications

(215 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…ns -not significant; -not determined. grasslands (Dudziak and Halas, 1996;Bahn et al, 2009), forests (Kodama et al, 2008;Fig. 1a, Marron et al, 2009), Mediterranean woodlands (Maseyk et al, 2009;Unger et al, 2010a, b; K. P. Tu and T. E. Dawson, unpublished data), and agricultural systems , while nonsignificant diel variations were detected in a boreal forest (Betson et al, 2007) (Table 2).…”

Section: New Methodsological Developments In High Time-resolved Measurmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…High temporal resolution measurements of δ 13 C res determined in non-equilibrated closed chambers (e.g. Maunoury et al, 2007;Kodama et al, 2008) might, however, be affected by changes in transport isotope fractionation as the CO 2 concentration in the chamber increases and could thus introduce errors under particular conditions (Ubierna et al, 2009) which has created particular concern for δ 13 C measurements of soil respiration (e.g. Nickerson and Risk, 2009).…”

Section: New Methodsological Developments In High Time-resolved Measurmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The information on dynamics of ecosystem respiration (δ 13 C R assessed by Keeling-plot approaches) presents again a very heterogeneous picture: while Ogée et al (2003) and Schnyder et al (2004) found only minor nocturnal variation of δ 13 C R (<3 ‰), others report that nocturnal ecosystem δ 13 C R presented the largest variation among different respiratory components (Kodama et al, 2008;Unger et al, 2010a). Nocturnal variations in δ 13 C R were 6.4 ‰ in a grassland (Bowling et al, 2003), 4.2-8.1 ‰ in a Mediterranean woodland (Werner et al, 2006;Unger et al, 2010a), 6.1 ‰ in a Pinus sylvestris stand (Kodama et al, 2008), 2.6-3.6 ‰ in a subalpine forest (Bowling et al, 2005;Riveros-Iregui et al, 2011), and 3.8 ‰ a beech-dominated deciduous forest (24 h-cycle, Knohl et al, 2005).…”

Section: New Methodsological Developments In High Time-resolved Measurmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the δ 13 C isotope signature of dark-respired CO 2 (δ 13 C res ) is widely used for tracing carbon flow through plants and ecosystems (e.g. Knohl et al, 2005;Kodama et al, 2008), partitioning ecosystem respiration (e.g. Bowling et al, 2001;Unger et al, 2010a), and disentangling key physiological processes on the plant and stand levels (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diel variations in the carbon isotope composition of respired CO<sub>2</sub> and associated carbon sources: a review of dynamics and mechanisms

Werner

Geßler

2011

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Recent advances have improved our methodological approaches and theoretical understanding of postphotosynthetic carbon isotope fractionation processes. Nevertheless we still lack a clear picture of the origin of shortterm variability in δ 13 C of respired CO 2 (δ 13 C res ) and organic carbon fractions on a diel basis. Closing this knowledge gap is essential for the application of stable isotope approaches for partitioning ecosystem respiration, tracing carbon flow through plants and ecosystems and disentangling key physiological processes in carbon metabolism of plants. In this review we examine the short-term dynamics in δ 13 C res and putative substrate pools at the plant, soil and ecosystem scales and discuss mechanisms, which might drive diel δ 13 C res dynamics at each scale. Maximum reported variation in diel δ 13 C res is 4.0, 5.4 and 14.8 ‰ in trunks, roots and leaves of different species and 12.5 and 8.1 ‰ at the soil and ecosystem scale in different biomes. Temporal variation in post-photosynthetic isotope fractionation related to changes in carbon allocation to different metabolic pathways is the most plausible mechanistic explanation for observed diel dynamics in δ 13 C res . In addition, mixing of component fluxes with different temporal dynamics and isotopic compositions add to the δ 13 C res variation on the soil and ecosystem level. Understanding short-term variations in δ 13 C res is particularly important for ecosystem studies, since δ 13 C res contains information on the fate of respiratory substrates, and may, therefore, provide a non-intrusive way to identify changes in carbon allocation patterns.

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Section: New Methodsological Developments In High Time-resolved Measurmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: New Methodsological Developments In High Time-resolved Measurmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: New Methodsological Developments In High Time-resolved Measurmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Diel variations in the carbon isotope composition of respired CO<sub>2</sub> and associated carbon sources: a review of dynamics and mechanisms

Werner

Geßler

2011

Biogeosciences

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“…This type of work, which has been undertaken in both forest and grassland systems, has utilised both natural abundance [9][10][11][12] and 13 C tracers. [13,14] Similarly, d…”

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confidence: 99%

Challenges in measuring the δ¹³C of the soil surface CO₂ efflux

Midwood

Millard

2010

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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The d 13C of the soil surface efflux of carbon dioxide (d 13 CR S ) has emerged as a powerful tool enabling investigation of a wide range of soil processes from characterising entire ecosystem respiration to detailed compound-specific isotope studies. d 13 CR S can be used to trace assimilated carbon transfer below ground and to partition the overall surface efflux into heterotrophic and autotrophic components. Despite this wide range of applications no consensus currently exists on the most appropriate method of sampling this surface efflux of CO 2 in order to measure d 13 CR S . Here we consider and compare the methods which have been used, and examine the pitfalls. We also consider a number of analysis options, isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS), tuneable diode laser spectroscopy (TDLS) and cavity ring-down laser spectroscopy (CRDS Increasing levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and predicted climate change have intensified research efforts to better understand the global carbon (C) cycle. Within terrestrial ecosystems, soils hold substantial amounts of C and through the exchange of CO 2 with the atmosphere have the ability to act as either a C source or a sink.[1] It is this balance and how it may be influenced by future climate change and/or land use change which has been the focus of considerable debate for some time.[2-5] The net exchange of CO 2 across a landscape can be measured using a specialist technique called eddy covariance.[6] However, eddy covariance measurements do not provide any detailed information on the underlying mechanisms which drive the terrestrial C cycle, namely photosynthesis and respiration. [7] For several decades now the stable carbon isotope 13 C has been used extensively to provide a better understanding of these two processes at a range of scales. At the ecosystem scale so-called isofluxes [8] can be measured by combining micrometeorological measurements with the 13 C analysis of CO 2 within and above the plant canopy. This type of measurement allows total ecosystem respiration to be measured -a combination of both plant (stem/leaf) respiration and the respiration from soil, or efflux rate. With the contribution of soil-derived CO 2 being important as this can provide information on the longterm overall net C balance of the system. Two basic processes contribute to the soil surface CO 2 efflux rate (R S ): autotrophic respiration from roots and the rhizosphere, and heterotrophic respiration from the turnover of soil organic matter (SOM).Against this background, measuring the rate at which CO 2 leaves the soil surface coupled with the measurement of its 13 C/ 12 C ratio (d 13 CR S ) has emerged as a key tool in ecophysiological research and global terrestrial C cycle studies. Isotopic analyses provide a means of distinguishing the C sources which contribute to this overall flux, allowing either the autotrophic or the heterotrophic components to be quantified. For example, d13 CR S measurements have been used to assess the speed at which assimilated C is transfe...

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Surrounding species diversity improves subtropical seedlings’ carbon dynamics

Salmon

Yang

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Increasing biodiversity has been linked to higher primary productivity in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the underlying ecophysiological mechanisms remain poorly understood. We investigated the effects of surrounding species richness (monoculture, two‐ and four‐species mixtures) on the ecophysiology of Lithocarpus glaber seedlings in experimental plots in subtropical China. A natural rain event isotopically labelled both the water uptaken by the L. glaber seedlings and the carbon in new photoassimilates through changes of photosynthetic discrimination. We followed the labelled carbon (C) and oxygen (O) in the plant–soil–atmosphere continuum. We measured gas‐exchange variables (C assimilation, transpiration and above‐ and belowground respiration) and δ13C in leaf biomass, phloem, soil microbial biomass, leaf‐ and soil‐respired CO 2 as well as δ18O in leaf and xylem water. The 13C signal in phloem and respired CO 2 in L. glaber in monoculture lagged behind those in species mixture, showing a slower transport of new photoassimilates to and through the phloem in monoculture. Furthermore, leaf‐water 18O enrichment above the xylem water in L. glaber increased after the rain in lower diversity plots suggesting a lower ability to compensate for increased transpiration. Lithocarpus glaber in monoculture showed higher C assimilation rate and water‐use efficiency. However, these increased C resources did not translate in higher growth of L. glaber in monoculture suggesting the existence of larger nongrowth‐related C sinks in monoculture. These ecophysiological responses of L. glaber, in agreement with current understanding of phloem transport are consistent with a stronger competition for water resources in monoculture than in species mixtures. Therefore, increasing species diversity in the close vicinity of the studied plants appears to alleviate physiological stress induced by water competition and to counterbalance the negative effects of interspecific competition on assimilation rates for L. glaber by allowing a higher fraction of the C assimilated to be allocated to growth in species mixture than in monoculture.

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Temporal dynamics of the carbon isotope composition in a Pinus sylvestris stand: from newly assimilated organic carbon to respired carbon dioxide

Cited by 138 publications

References 66 publications

Diel variations in the carbon isotope composition of respired CO<sub>2</sub> and associated carbon sources: a review of dynamics and mechanisms

Diel variations in the carbon isotope composition of respired CO<sub>2</sub> and associated carbon sources: a review of dynamics and mechanisms

Challenges in measuring the δ¹³C of the soil surface CO₂ efflux

Surrounding species diversity improves subtropical seedlings’ carbon dynamics

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Temporal dynamics of the carbon isotope composition in a Pinus sylvestris stand: from newly assimilated organic carbon to respired carbon dioxide

Cited by 138 publications

References 66 publications

Diel variations in the carbon isotope composition of respired CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and associated carbon sources: a review of dynamics and mechanisms

Diel variations in the carbon isotope composition of respired CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and associated carbon sources: a review of dynamics and mechanisms

Challenges in measuring the δ13C of the soil surface CO2 efflux

Surrounding species diversity improves subtropical seedlings’ carbon dynamics

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Diel variations in the carbon isotope composition of respired CO<sub>2</sub> and associated carbon sources: a review of dynamics and mechanisms

Diel variations in the carbon isotope composition of respired CO<sub>2</sub> and associated carbon sources: a review of dynamics and mechanisms

Challenges in measuring the δ¹³C of the soil surface CO₂ efflux