Temporal Trend of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Abstract

Increased incidence and prevalence of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been reported in Western countries. Changes in the prevalence of pediatric IBD in Asian countries, however, remain unclear. We evaluated the changes in the prevalence of IBD among Japanese adults and children from 2004 to 2013, by using the Japanese national registry data of patients receiving financial aid. Data from children (ages 0-19 years) were compared with those from young adults (ages 20-39 years). In 2004, age-standardized prevalences of Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) among children were 4.2 of 100,000 and 11.0 of 100,000, respectively. The corresponding prevalences among young adults were 41.0 of 100,000 and 89.8 of 100,000, respectively. In 2013, age-standardized prevalences of pediatric CD and UC were 7.2 of 100,000 and 15.0 of 100,000, respectively. During this period, prevalence of pediatric CD increased by 73.8% among children and by 49.0% in young adults. The prevalence of UC increased by 45.0% among children, and by 73.7% among young adults.

Association between Passive Smoking from the Mother and Pediatric Crohn’s Disease: A Japanese Multicenter Study

“…Since the N j SHS j values are not negative integers, a log-linear transformation could be implemented. We independently analyzed 10 EM imputed after bootstrapped datasets in the dose-response models described in the Equations (5) and (6). These analyses were performed using EZR v1.40, a graphical user interface for R v3.5.2 [22].…”

“…Importantly, the effect of passive smoking is directly associated with its inhalation intake yet not with behavioral aspects, such as smoking in front of the child; therefore, our dose-response relationship models described in the Equations (5) and (6) could accurately assess the effect of passive smoking. In such models, the inhalation intake of passive smoking was estimated by using the child's peripheral air concentration of tobacco smoking.…”

“…Pediatric Crohn's disease (CD), one of the main forms of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is often characterized by discontinuous mucosa-to-serosa inflammatory lesions. Genetics is known to play a key role during the early onset of IBD; however, the lack of complete penetrance of IBD among monozygotic twins [1,2], as well as its limited familial occurrence [3,4] and its increasing prevalence in Japan (age-standardized prevalence of child IBD 7.2/100,000 cases in 2013) [5]-Which was one of the traditionally low-incidence countries-Indicate that environmental factors also play an important role in the onset and development of these disorders.…”

Very Early-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Challenging Field for Pediatric Gastroenterologists

“…The published epidemiological data for pediatric-onset IBD are mostly from Western countries [ 1 6 17 ], and detailed epidemiological data from Asia are still sparse [ 3 4 7 ]. Approximately 25% of IBD cases occur during childhood or adolescence [ 18 ], and VEO-IBD accounts for 20% of pediatric patients with IBD [ 7 19 ].…”

“…Owing to the atypical phenotypes and clinical course, and the increasing number of children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) [ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ], patients who had an onset of IBD during infancy or young childhood were regarded as a unique group.…”