Temporal trends, 2000–2017, of perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA) concentrations in serum of Swedish adolescents

Norén, Erika; Lindh, Christian; Glynn, Anders; Rylander, Lars; Pineda, Daniela; Nielsen, Christina

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106716

Cited by 39 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Taking the most prominent PFOA and PFOS as indicators, although their concentrations in this study were slightly lower than those in previous studies (ca. 1 vs several ng/mL), they did not show an obvious trend of decline like in the Western countries . The mean concentration of 6:2 Cl-PFESA (1.23 ng/mL) in the blood was slightly lower, but also at the comparable level as those (several ng/mL) reported in recent years for general population in Tianjin and other Chinese cities. ,, There were significantly positive correlations ( p < 0.05) between PFOS and 6:2 Cl-PFESA, PFOSA, and C 8–10 PFCAs, as well as between PFOA and PFOS, PFNA, and PFDA (Figure S1), implying that these compounds had common exposure sources or pathways in humans.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…8 In wild organisms, n-PFOS with higher accumulation potential usually contributed more than 80% of total PFOS. 9,10 In contrast, n-PFOS generally comprised only 45 population blood. 9,11,12 The lower percentage of n-PFOS in human blood was supposed to be related to the indirect exposure sources of PFOS precursors, even though no solid evidence has been found.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying Indirect Contribution from Precursors to Human Body Burden of Legacy PFASs Based on Paired Blood and One-Week Duplicate Diet

Feng

Sun

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The restriction on legacy perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) has led to increasing application and contamination of their precursors and novel alternatives. However, the indirect contribution from precursors has not been well characterized. In this study, 24 PFASs were measured in the paired human blood and urine from general volunteers (n = 20), as well as their corresponding exposure matrices (7 day duplicate diet, drinking water and dust). Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was predominant, followed by 6:2 chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonate (6:2 Cl-PFESA), contributing 21.6–47.0 and 6.6–20.0% of the total concentrations, respectively. Total oxidable precursor (TOP) assay and isomeric analysis coupled with a toxicokinetic model suggested that around 19% of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in human was contributed by its precursors. The strong correlation between the estimated daily intake (EDI) and human blood concentration for 6:2 Cl-PFESA suggested that it was mainly contributed by direct exposure. The bioavailability of 6:2 Cl-PFESA in the food matrices was estimated as 18.6% by comparing the estimated and measured blood concentrations, implying that human exposure might be overestimated if the bioavailability of PFASs in food was not considered. Assuming that they had a similar bioavailability, it was estimated that ca. 20% of PFOS body burden was from indirect exposure to its precursors, which was supported by TOP assay.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Indirect Contribution from Precursors to Human Body Burden of Legacy PFASs Based on Paired Blood and One-Week Duplicate Diet

Feng

Sun

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Serum PFAS were measured at the Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine at Lund University, applying a modified method previously described ( Norén et al. 2021 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serum PFAS were measured at the Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine at Lund University, applying a modified method previously described (Norén et al 2021). In short, the proteins were precipitated using acetonitrile by vigorous shaking for 30 min of thawed samples.…”

Section: Baseline Pfas Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Risk of Myocardial Infarction and Stroke: A Nested Case–Control Study in Sweden

Schillemans

Donat‐Vargas

Lindh

et al. 2022

Environ Health Perspect

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Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread and persistent pollutants that have been associated with elevated cholesterol levels. However, data on incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) is lacking. Objectives: We investigated the association of exposure to PFAS with risk of myocardial infarction and stroke and, subsidiary, with baseline blood lipids. Methods: This population-based nested case–control study included first incident myocardial infarction and stroke cases with matched controls from two Swedish cohorts: the Swedish Mammography Cohort-Clinical (SMC-C) and the Cohort of 60-year-olds (60YO). Baseline blood sampling occurred during 2003–2009 and 1997–1999 with follow-up through 2017 and 2014 for the SMC-C and the 60YO, respectively. Eight plasma PFAS concentrations were measured using targeted liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Five of these were quantifiable in both cohorts; individual values and their standardized sum were categorized into tertiles based on the controls. First incident myocardial infarction ( ) and ischemic stroke ( ) cases were ascertained via linkage to the National Inpatient Register and the Cause of Death Register. Controls were randomly selected from each cohort after matching for age, sex, and sample date. Baseline blood lipids were measured in plasma or serum after overnight fasting. Results: Among the 1,528 case–control subjects, the mean (standard deviation) age was 66 (7.7) y and 67% of them were women. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, the third tertile of the standardized sum of five PFAS associated with higher cholesterol and lower triglyceride levels among controls at baseline ( ). The corresponding results were [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.53, 0.93] for CVD, 0.60 (95% CI: 0.39, 0.92) for myocardial infarction, and 0.83 (95% CI: 0.46, 1.50) for stroke. Discussion: This study indicated that exposure to PFAS, although associated with increased cholesterol levels, did not associate with an increased risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, or their composite end point. The findings improve our knowledge on potential health effects of environmental contaminants in the CVD context. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9791

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“…The frequent detection of a myriad of PFAS species highlights the importance of comprehensive PFAS monitoring—especially as longer-chain PFAS are being replaced in industrial and commercial products by shorter chained species. Most studies to date had focused on common PFOA or PFOS monitoring in the United States, and have showed dwindling concentrations in serum since their phase outs [ 20 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 ]. However, these phase outs have resulted in increased production of shorter-chain and unsaturated (polyfluorinated) PFAS species, so biomonitoring or non-targeted studies of these emerging PFAS species is necessary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Exposures to Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Diabetes, Hyperglycemia, or Insulin Resistance: A Scoping Review

Margolis

Sant

2021

JoX

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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent environmental pollutants that are commonly found in the human body due to exposures via drinking water, surfactants used in consumer materials, and aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs). PFAS exposure has been linked to adverse health effects such as low infant birth weights, cancer, and endocrine disruption, though increasingly studies have demonstrated that they may perturb metabolic processes and contribute to dysfunction. This scoping review summarizes the chemistry of PFAS exposure and the epidemiologic evidence for associations between exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and the development of diabetes, hyperglycemia, and/or insulin resistance. We identified 11 studies on gestational diabetes mellitus, 3 studies on type 1 diabetes, 7 studies on type 2 diabetes, 6 studies on prediabetes or unspecified diabetes, and 15 studies on insulin resistance or glucose tolerance using the SCOPUS and PubMed databases. Approximately 24 reported positive associations, 9 negative associations, 2 non-linear associations, and 2 inverse associations, and 8 reported no associations found between PFAS and all diabetes search terms. Cumulatively, these data indicate the need for further studies to better assess these associations between PFAS exposure and diabetes.

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Temporal trends, 2000–2017, of perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA) concentrations in serum of Swedish adolescents

Cited by 39 publications

References 41 publications

Quantifying Indirect Contribution from Precursors to Human Body Burden of Legacy PFASs Based on Paired Blood and One-Week Duplicate Diet

Quantifying Indirect Contribution from Precursors to Human Body Burden of Legacy PFASs Based on Paired Blood and One-Week Duplicate Diet

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Risk of Myocardial Infarction and Stroke: A Nested Case–Control Study in Sweden

Associations between Exposures to Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Diabetes, Hyperglycemia, or Insulin Resistance: A Scoping Review

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