Tension–compression fatigue behavior of a H-VARTM manufactured unnotched and notched carbon/epoxy composite

Mall, S.; Katwyk, D; Bolick, Ronnie; Kelkar, Ajit D.; Davis, Daniel Cochece

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2009.03.015

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The slope of S-N curve for a composite material is usually larger in T-C loading than in T-T or C-C loading, regardless of the stacking configuration of its laminated structure, 4,25,[44][45][46] for example, as can be observed from Figure 2 for the case of the unidirectional composite tested in this study. This fact suggests that T-C loading is more damaging than T-T or C-C loading.…”

Section: Fiber Orientation Dependence Of Off-axis Cfl Diagrammentioning

confidence: 83%

A failure-mode based anisomorphic constant life diagram for a unidirectional carbon/epoxy laminate under off-axis fatigue loading at room temperature

Kawai

Itoh

2013

Journal of Composite Materials

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The off-axis constant fatigue life diagrams for a unidirectional carbon/epoxy laminate in different fiber orientations are identified over the whole range of stress ratio. The experimental results show that the off-axis constant fatigue life diagram plotted in the plane of alternating and mean stresses tends to shrink and incline to the left of the alternating stress axis more significantly as the off-axis angle of a specimen increases. The overall shapes of the off-axis constant fatigue life envelopes for different constant values of life are highly non-linear and asymmetric about the alternating stress axis, regardless of fiber orientation. These observations suggest that the sensitivity to mean stress in off-axis fatigue differs depending on the mode of fatigue loading, i.e. tension-tension, tension-compression, and compression-compression loading, and the difference is associated with the different modes of failure under different modes of fatigue loading. To deal with the off-axis fatigue strength of a unidirectional composite for any fiber orientation over the whole range of stress ratio, a most general form of the anisomorphic constant fatigue life diagram is developed that can take into account different sensitivities to mean stress in fatigue and distinguish between the tensile-and compressivedominated failure modes. It is demonstrated that the generalized anisomorphic constant fatigue life diagram allows accommodating itself to a significant change in shape of a constant fatigue life envelope that depends on the range of stress ratio, and thus it can successfully be applied to accurate description of the off-axis constant fatigue life diagram for the unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced plastic laminate, regardless of fiber orientation.

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Section: Fiber Orientation Dependence Of Off-axis Cfl Diagrammentioning

confidence: 83%

A failure-mode based anisomorphic constant life diagram for a unidirectional carbon/epoxy laminate under off-axis fatigue loading at room temperature

Kawai

Itoh

2013

Journal of Composite Materials

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“…Historically, the composites were produced by the manual lamination process. In this process, laminated layers are manually produced using reinforcements previously impregnated with the matrix material [14]. Due to the high costs and the operator's ability dependence, associated with the manual lamination process, developments in manufacturing with the aim of promoting reductions in process costs and in the number of failures are increasing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molding of Polymeric Composite Reinforced with Glass Fiber and Ceramic Inserts: Mathematical Modeling and Simulation

Porto

Júnior

Lima

et al. 2018

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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This work provides a numerical study of a polymer composite manufacturing by using liquid composite material molding. Simulation of resin flow into a porous media comprising fiber perform (reinforcement) inserted in a mold with preallocated ceramic inserts has been performed, using the Ansys FLUENT® software. Results of resin volumetric fraction, stream lines and pressure distribution inside the mold, and mass flow rate (inlet and outlet gates) of the resin, as a function of filling time, have been presented and discussed. Results show that the number of inserts affects the filling time whereas the distance between them has no influence in a process.

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“…133, OCTOBER 2011 low viscosity epoxy and EPIKURE W is an aromatic amine which provides very long work times and yields favorable properties after an elevated temperature cure. This system is widely studied by researchers and ample amount of information is available in the literature [33][34][35]. As suggested by the supplier a resin to cure agent ratio of 100 to 26.2 by weight was used.…”

Section: Experimental Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resin (EPON 862) and the curing agent (EPIKURE W) were mixed by a mechanical mixer at 250 rpm for 30 min, followed by degassing for 2 h under vacuum. Before the infusion started, the vacuum bag and the plate were preheated to 121 °C in order to lower the viscosity of the resin as the flow progres.ses [15,33]. The infusion was carried out at 26" to 27" Hg vacuutii and often took 10-12 min to complete.…”

Section: Experimental Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Distribution Media Length and Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes on the Formation of Voids in VARTM Composites

Aktas

Bauman

Bowen

et al. 2011

Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology

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The first part of this paper characterizes the effect of tooling and process parameters such as the length of distribution media used in vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) of composite laminates. To achieve this goal, a number ofó-ply, woven carbon fiber/epoxy laminates are fabricated by using various lengths of distribution media. The spatial variations of mechanical properties of these laminates are characterized using a three-point bending fixture. It is shown that for relatively thinner laminates, extending the distribution media degrades the flexura! properties by as much as 14%, possibly due to air pockets entrapped during through-the-thickness impregnation of the fibrous fabric. In the second part, a minimum distribution media length is used to investigate the mechanical property and microstructure changes due to multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) dispersed in the composite laminates. In addition, effects of different nanotube functionalization and morphology are characterized via scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy. To achieve adequate nanotube dispersion in the epoxy resin, both tip sonication and mechanical mixing have been used. The effect of sonication time on the dispersion of nanotubes is reported bv monitoring the temporal changes in the nanotube cluster size. Even at volume fractions ¡ess than 1%, almost 10% improvements in flexural properties is obsened. Extensive void formations are reported for laminates containing MWNTs, possibly preventing greater improvements in mechanical properties.

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Tension–compression fatigue behavior of a H-VARTM manufactured unnotched and notched carbon/epoxy composite

Cited by 27 publications

References 3 publications

A failure-mode based anisomorphic constant life diagram for a unidirectional carbon/epoxy laminate under off-axis fatigue loading at room temperature

A failure-mode based anisomorphic constant life diagram for a unidirectional carbon/epoxy laminate under off-axis fatigue loading at room temperature

Molding of Polymeric Composite Reinforced with Glass Fiber and Ceramic Inserts: Mathematical Modeling and Simulation

Effect of Distribution Media Length and Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes on the Formation of Voids in VARTM Composites

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