“…In addition, there was concern that the timeframe necessary to develop and demonstrate scholarship of application or teaching may be longer than most commonly employed by institutions in their promotion and tenure guidelines. 5,7,32,[43][44][45][46][47] For dentistry, medicine, and pharmacy, the literature suggested a barrier based upon departmental chairs not recognizing alternative forms of scholarship or providing appropriate mentoring needed for clinicians in the health science clinical faculty members. 5,7,29,31,37,41,[48][49][50][51][52] Additional potential barriers were identified in 2 of the 4 professions.…”