Terahertz Dielectric Characterization of Low-Loss Thermoplastics for 6G Applications

Zhai, Min; Locquet, Alexandre; Citrin, D. S.

doi:10.1007/s10776-022-00554-x

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Research on 6G wireless networks and the associated technical advances has lately received significant attention from both academia and industry, helping the advancement of the IoT and beyond [22][23][24]. Because of its improved features over the prior network decades, like ultra-low latency communication, ultrahigh throughput, satellite-based client services and massive and automatic networks, 6G is anticipated to offer a completely new service quality and improve users' experiences in current IoT systems [25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Power Consumption for Variance-Based Integration Model in Cellular 6G-IoT System

Ramamoorthy,

Sanober,

Di Nunzio

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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With the emergence of the 5G network, the count of analysis papers associated with the 6G Internet of Things (IoT) has rapidly increased due to the rising attention of researchers in next-generation technology, 6G networks and IoT techniques. Owing to this, grasping the overall research topics and directions is a complex task. To mutually address the significant issues of 6G cellular IoT, i.e., information transmission, data aggregation and power supply, we proposed a variance-based integrating model for the 6G-IoT approach that considers energy, communication and computation (ECC). Initially, the base station (BS) charges huge IoT devices concurrently utilizing WPT in the downlink. After that, IoT devices gather the energy to perform the communication task and the computation task in the uplink in a similar spectrum. Also, the model integrates the optimization of transmit beams via the Improved Ant Colony Optimization (IACO) model to balance the system performance, power consumption and computational complexity. Further, this study exploited activated Remote Radio Units (RRUs) to improve the network performance and energy efficiency in the downlink model. The simulation outcomes evaluate the performance of the proposed work over the conventional models concerning error analysis. From the results, the MSE value in the IACO work is much lower, around 0.011, while the compared schemes achieved comparatively higher MSE values.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Power Consumption for Variance-Based Integration Model in Cellular 6G-IoT System

Ramamoorthy,

Sanober,

Di Nunzio

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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“…Although silicon, silica, TiO 2 , and Si 3 N 4 are popular dielectric materials for terahertz metasurface lenses, as the frequency drops to about 0.1 THz, the size of the microstructure gradually rises to several hundred microns, which increases the manufacturing cost [24,29,30]. In this paper, we develop a design method to achieve the polarization-sensitive multifunctional 3D-printed metasurface devices for deflecting and focusing terahertz wave at the frequency of 0.1 THz based on polymer acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) material with low refractive index of 1.67 [31]. The meta-grating arrays effectively bend the linearly polarized terahertz wave to the designed diffraction angle of 67 • , with transmission efficiencies of 74.1% (for S-dimer) and 54.2% (for P-dimer), respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional terahertz metasurface devices based on 3D-printed low refractive index meta-gratings

Yan

Zhu

Liu

et al. 2023

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Metasurface optical devices show a tendency to gradually supersede the conventional bulk devices in applications requiring compactness and light weight. Typical metasurface-based flat lenses manipulate wavefront relied on phase mapping using a limited number of subwavelength structures. However, this approach greatly reduces the efficiency when limited structures are mapped for a high numerical aperture. Here, we theoretically and experimentally propose the low refractive index meta-grating-based multifunctional devices fabricated by three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. The meta-grating arrays effectively bend the incident polarized terahertz wave to the designed diffraction angle of 67°, with transmission efficiencies of 74.1% (S-dimer) and 54.2% (P-dimer) at the frequency of 0.1 THz. Then the meta-lens based on the proposed meta-grating arrays achieves the measured focus efficiency of 32.1% with NA = 0.902, corresponding to a maximum collection angle of 64.5°. The designed flat devices with excellent characteristics in terms of efficiency and numerical aperture represent a new paradigm in high efficiency, low-cost and multifunctional terahertz devices.

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“…US Federal Communications Commission opens experimental spectrum licenses of 6G network, the spectrum begins from 95 GHz to 3THz. The 6G materials need to meet the spectrum communication requirement, which means it should be a low loss to adapt to the large communication bandwidths and higher carrier frequency 2 . New materials would be used in THz emitter, detector and modulators 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terahertz dielectric characterization of low-loss materials for 6G and ADAS application

Liu

Xie²,

Qin³

2022

Infrared, Millimeter-Wave, and Terahertz Technologies IX

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Terahertz wave becomes key technology for 6G next generation communication and advanced driver assistance (ADAS) applications. US Federal Communications Commission opens experimental spectrum licenses for 6G. The spectrum falls in the 95 GHz to 3 THz range. The automotive ADAS employs sub-THz radar to plan routes and avoid obstacles. The sub-THz radars usually select the spectrum of 24GHz, 77GHz and 79GHz. Composite communication materials, such as quartz glass, bakelite and polycarbonate are the basic ingredients for 6G communication and ADAS application. In communication channel modeling, the microelectronics device packaging and environment materials' dielectric parameters should be known in advance. In detail, the transmission characteristics (transmittance, reflectance) and complex permittivity of various materials need to be characterized. Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) is usually employed to measure specific band dielectric parameters. To get broadband characteristics, the VNA needs to be calibrated at each frequency band. To get materials broadband dielectric property, the VNA method is expensive and time-consuming. Terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) emitted a pulse THz signal. The frequency domain spectroscopic waveform was gotten by Fourier Transform, and dielectric parameters were calculated. The frequency range is broadband from 30 GHz to 2 THz. The frequency resolution is as high as 380MHz. The permittivity is consistent with the VNA measured result, but THz-TDS do not need band switching and calibration. It is a promising candidate for evaluating the dielectric characteristics of 6G communication and ADAS materials.

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Terahertz Dielectric Characterization of Low-Loss Thermoplastics for 6G Applications

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Sustainable Power Consumption for Variance-Based Integration Model in Cellular 6G-IoT System

Sustainable Power Consumption for Variance-Based Integration Model in Cellular 6G-IoT System

Multifunctional terahertz metasurface devices based on 3D-printed low refractive index meta-gratings

Terahertz dielectric characterization of low-loss materials for 6G and ADAS application

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