Terrorism and other Determinants of Fear of Crime in the Philippines

Khruakham, Seksan; Lee, Joongyeup

doi:10.1350/ijps.2014.16.1.323

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Contrasting the effects of the controls in the model with findings in prior research, age is found to be generally insignificant, but one specification that considered victimization but did not control for neighbourhood and city-level variables showed an inverse relationship between age and perceived victimization risk. Evidence in other developing economies corroborated the result that older people are less fearful of crime and perceptive of risk (Khruakham & Lee, 2014; Liu et al, 2009, Villarreal & Silva, 2006). However, age, as a predictor of fear and perceived risk, has been found to be sensitive to model specification (Collins, 2016; McCoy, 1996), and controls for perceptions of social disorganization, later added to the model may have mediated differences initially attributed to age.…”

Section: Econometric Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…So here, we chose to focus on perceived victimization risk to flesh out the role of broad insecurity in spurring this ‘cognitive’ fear of crime. A research gap on this relationship was pointed out by Dammert and Malone (2003) and, to the best of our knowledge, has remained unaddressed even as we followed studies that investigated the links between fear of crime and broad economic anxiety, as well as research that revealed unexpected relationships between fear of crime and perceived risk and common predictors in contexts different from the usual affluent Western setting (Britto, 2013; Khruakham & Lee, 2014; Liu, Messner, Zhang, & Zhuo, 2009; Smolej & Kivivuori, 2006; Villarreal & Silva, 2006).…”

Section: Measuring Perceived Victimization Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Victimization causes distress and trauma. It may also be seen as a manifestation of vulnerability and has been found to be a strong predictor of fear of crime across various geographical contexts, such as in the UK, the UA, Philippines, China and Brazil—measures of fear and empirical models (Balkin, 1979; Collins, 2006; Dammert & Malone, 2003; Khruakham & Lee, 2014; Liu et al, 2009; Rountree & Land, 1996; Skogan & Maxfield, 1981; Valera & Guàrdia, 2014; Villarreal & Silva, 2006). But these paradoxes were widely observed: fear of crime was often much higher than victimization rates, and those who felt more vulnerable and more afraid, women and the elderly, were in fact the least likely to become victims of crime (Skogan & Maxfield, 1981).…”

Section: Theories On the Determinants Of Fear Of Crime And Perceived mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Broad Insecurity and Perceived Victimization Risk

Caliso

Francisco

García

2019

Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics

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Appealing to fear of crime and perceived risk of victimization is a known political strategy for gaining popular support. While fear of crime and perceived risk may stem from vulnerability and past experiences of victimization, high levels of fear and perceived risk, despite declining crime rates, had prompted researchers to investigate other sources of fear of crime and perceived victimization risk. We used survey data from 1,200 households in Metro Manila to test the hypothesis that perceived risk of victimization may be predicted by broad insecurity, which encompasses insecurities in finances, employment, education, health, disaster preparedness and rights protection. Multivariate regression is used to measure variable effects. Our results showed that broad insecurity significantly influences perceived risk of victimization. Other reliable predictors included past victimization, local government spending and social identifiers such as age and gender, but none was as strong as broad insecurity. These findings suggest that perceptions of public safety depend not only on tough policing, but also economic opportunities, human capital development and overall wellbeing. This article corroborates budding research on the diffuse sources of fear of crime and victimization. It informs political and economic prioritization in pursuit of social harmony and development amidst a rapidly changing socioeconomic and political landscape. JEL: Z13, Z18

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Section: Econometric Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Measuring Perceived Victimization Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theories On the Determinants Of Fear Of Crime And Perceived mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Broad Insecurity and Perceived Victimization Risk

Caliso

Francisco

García

2019

Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics

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“…Home break-ins and pawnshop robbery in Ozamiz City were reported. Khruakham and Lee (2014) showed that home break-ins aside from terrorism were determinants of fear of crime in the Philippines. Reports also came out about the illegal activities of the so-called Ozamiz Robbery Gang in places outside the city.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crime Rate in Ozamiz City, Philippines

Caba-ong

Jr.

Bakeke

2015

JMDS

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Data about the crime rate are relevant in improving the crime control programs in a locality. The purpose of this paper was to determine the crime rate in Ozamiz City from the calendar year 2010 to 2013. This study also aimed to compare the volumes of the index and non-index crimes, respectively and to obtain the percentage breakdown of these offenses per year. The paper also examined the spatiotemporal patterns of index crimes. Incidents of crime reported and docketed in the police blotter were retrieved from Ozamiz City Police Station. Case investigators were also interviewed to verify the data. Findings showed a decreased crime rate in 2010 relative to 2011, a most notable decline in 2012, and the sharpest increase in 2013. Among the index crimes, physical injuries had the highest crime volume, followed by theft and robbery. Despite the lower rate of non-index crimes compared to index crimes, illegal logging, riding motor vehicles without the plate number, driver"s license and registration could not be disregarded. The volume of crimes against property was consistently higher compared to crimes against person. Most index crimes occurred in streets followed by homes or boarding houses and were highest in volume from 12:00 PM to 5:00 PM indicating a non-random spatiotemporal crime pattern. The findings may help the law enforcers in Ozamiz City improve the strategies for crime control.

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“…Ayrıca 2015 yılından itibaren terör olaylarının hız kazandığı bir şehirde yaşayan kullanıcılarda güvenlik endişeleri oldukça normal davranışlar arasındadır. Güvenliğin bu tür ortamlarda insanlarda oluşturduğu psikolojik baskı benzer çevrelerdeki araştırmaların bulguları arasında yer almaktadır (Khruakham & Lee, 2014). Güvenlik konusundaki bulgular, bu endişelerin varlığının etkisine de bağlanabilir.…”

Section: Kapalı Bir Yerleşmede Yaşama İsteği Hangi Nedenlere Bağlanabilir?unclassified

Diyarbakır’ın Yatayda Gelişen Dışa Kapalı Konut Yerleşmelerinde Yaşam Alanı Memnuniyeti

Bekleyen

Baylan

2018

İdealkent

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Gated communities or gated housing settlements, which are living spaces with strictly controlled entrances, have become indispensable parts of the big cities in Turkey, like most other countries in the world. The number of these settlements, first built in 2000s, has also been increasing in Diyarbakir, one of the largest cities in the southeastern part of Turkey. However, the number of studies examining the users' attitude towards gated housing settlements in the city is quite limited. To provide a user-centered examination of these settlements is quite valuable in terms of satisfying user expectations in prospective designs. For the purposes of the present study, three gated housing settlements in Diyarbakır were examined in terms of the satisfaction levels of the residents. Data were collected through the administration of a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview to 105 participants. The findings indicate that the satisfaction levels of the users vary depending on the settlements. The results also show that individuals living in horizontal gated housing settlements have a higher perception of place attachment and property value and that living in a secure or reputable neighborhood is their main priority. It has also been determined that the users are intimidated by the idea of living in a non-gated settlement, which reveals the importance of the preference of security for the residents of the gated housing settlements in the city.

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Terrorism and other Determinants of Fear of Crime in the Philippines

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Broad Insecurity and Perceived Victimization Risk

Broad Insecurity and Perceived Victimization Risk

Crime Rate in Ozamiz City, Philippines

Diyarbakır’ın Yatayda Gelişen Dışa Kapalı Konut Yerleşmelerinde Yaşam Alanı Memnuniyeti

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