Test Methods for Explosives

Sućeska, Muhamed

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-0797-9

Cited by 199 publications

(162 citation statements)

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“…[82] Impact sensitivity is specified by means of the hammer weights of 1, 2, 2.5, 5, or 10 kg. [83] Presentation of this sensitivity by the drop heights h 50% can lead to incorrect selection of the sensitivity data. For prediction and evaluation purposes, sensitivity data of the pure EMs must be taken, which is another source of error.…”

Section: Correlation Verification For the Predicted Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical evaluation of sensitivity and thermal stability for high explosives based on quantum chemistry methods: A brief review

Yan

Zeman

2012

Int J of Quantum Chemistry

114

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Over the past 20 years, a number of scientists have conducted numerous fundamental investigations based on quantum chemistry theory into various mechanistic processes that seems to contribute to the sensitivity of energetic materials. A large number of theoretical methods that have been used to predict their mechanical and spark sensitivity are summarized in this article, in which the advantages and disadvantages of these methods, together with their scope of use are clarified. In addition, the theoretical models for thermal stability of explosives are briefly introduced as a supplement. It has been concluded that the current ability to predict sensitivity is merely based on a series of empirical rules, such as simple oxygen balance, molecular properties, and the ratios of C and H to oxygen for different classes of explosive compounds. These are valid only for organic classes of explosives, though some special models have been proposed for inorganic explosives, such as azides. An exact standard for sensitivity should be established experimentally by some new techniques for both energetic compounds and their mixtures. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Correlation Verification For the Predicted Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical evaluation of sensitivity and thermal stability for high explosives based on quantum chemistry methods: A brief review

Yan

Zeman

2012

Int J of Quantum Chemistry

114

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“…[40][41][42][43][44][45][46] The detailed values are summarized in Table 4. The only compound containing three nitramine groups (11) stands out with its low impact sensitivity of 2 J.…”

Section: Sensitivitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Energetic Materials featuring Tetrazoles and Nitramines – Synthesis, Characterization and Properties

Fischer

Karaghiosoff

Klapötke

et al. 2010

Zeitschrift anorg allge chemie

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“…A standard impact tester (Julius Peters [15]) with exchangeable anvil was used, the amount of tested substance being 50 mm 3 . The drop hammers used weighed 2 kg and 5 kg.…”

Section: Impact Sensitivity Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concerning the Shock Sensitivities of Certain Plastic Bonded Explosives Based on Attractive Cyclic Nitramines .

Zeman¹,

Elbeih²,

Hussein³

et al. 2017

Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater.

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Plastic bonded explosives (PBXs) based on ε-2, 4,6,8,10,4,6,8,10,1,3,3,3,5,3,5,3,4,imidazole (BCHMX) were prepared using a hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene as a binder (HTPB) and cured with hexamethylene di-isocyanate (HMDI). Recently published data for analogous PBXs with a polyisobutylene binder (i.e. a C4 matrix) are also included. All of these PBXs were tested using the Small Scale Water Gap Test according to STANAG 4490, the results of which are directly proportional to the impact and friction sensitivities of the PBXs studied. Reciprocal ratios between the shock sensitivity of these PBXs and their performance were found using the volume heat of explosion as a variable; a semi-logarithmic analogue, using a representative of the detonation pressure (product ρD 2 ) as a variable, has shown an opposite trend for three of these PBXs. A semi-logarithmic relationship between the shock sensitivity of the PBXs and the impact sensitivity of their pure nitramine fillers has confirmed the higher shock reactivity of the C4 PBXs filled with both technical ε-HNIW and RS-ε-HNIW, while for the HTPB PBXs filled with technical grade ε-HNIW, the shock sensitivity found was as expected. The shape and size of the particles should not be a reason for the increased resistance to shock of HMX-C4.

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Test Methods for Explosives

Cited by 199 publications

References 0 publications

Theoretical evaluation of sensitivity and thermal stability for high explosives based on quantum chemistry methods: A brief review

Theoretical evaluation of sensitivity and thermal stability for high explosives based on quantum chemistry methods: A brief review

New Energetic Materials featuring Tetrazoles and Nitramines – Synthesis, Characterization and Properties

Concerning the Shock Sensitivities of Certain Plastic Bonded Explosives Based on Attractive Cyclic Nitramines .

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