Test-Retest Reliability and Standard Error of Measurement for the Test of Variables of Attention (T.O.V.A.) With Healthy School-Age Children

Leark, Robert A.; Wallace, Denise; Fitzgerald, Robert L.

doi:10.1177/1073191104269186

Cited by 30 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Measurement error in the dependent variable (i.e., test–retest reliability) was corrected using published estimates of the test–retest reliability for commissions, omissions/hits, RT, and SDRT on the Gordon (Gordon & Mettelman, 1988) and TOVA (Greenberg & Waldman, 1993; Leark, Wallace, & Fitzgerald, 2004; Llorente et al, 2001). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating vigilance deficits in ADHD: A meta-analysis of CPT performance.

Huang-Pollock¹,

Karalunas²,

Tam³

et al. 2012

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

310

285

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We meta-analytically review 47 between-groups studies of continuous performance test (CPT) performance in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Using a random effects model and correcting for both sampling error and measurement unreliability, we found large effect sizes (δ) for overall performance, but only small to moderate δ for performance over time in the handful of studies that reported that data. Smaller δs for performance over time are likely attributable, in part, to the extensive use of stimuli for which targets and distractors are quite easily differentiated. Artifacts accounted for a considerable proportion of variance among observed δs. Effect sizes reported in previous reviews were significantly attenuated because of the presence of uncorrected artifacts and highlight the necessity of accounting for artifactual variance in future work to determine the amount of true neurocognitive heterogeneity within ADHD. Signal detection theory and diffusion modeling analyses indicated that the ADHD-related deficits were because of decreased perceptual sensitivity (d’) and slower drift rates (v). Results are interpreted the context of several recent models of ADHD.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating vigilance deficits in ADHD: A meta-analysis of CPT performance.

Huang-Pollock¹,

Karalunas²,

Tam³

et al. 2012

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

310

285

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Additionally, a computerized version of The Stroop Test (Killikelly and Szücs 2010), the Continuous Performance Test (Riccio et al 2002), the Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA) (Leark et al 2007), and the Balloon Analogue Risk Test (BART) (Lejuez et al 2002) were administered. Eighteen participants did not complete the CPT, 11 did not complete the Stroop, and 31 did not complete the TOVA.…”

Section: Methods and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Initiation of Amphetamine-Type Stimulants (ATS) Use Associated with Lowered Cognitive Performance among Individuals with Co-Occurring Opioid and ATS Use Disorders in Malaysia

Chooi

Zaharim

Desrosiers

et al. 2017

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) use is increasingly prevalent in Malaysia, including among individuals who also use opioids. We evaluated cognitive functioning profiles among individuals with co-occurring opioid and ATS dependence and their lifetime patterns of drug use. Participants (N=50) enrolling in a clinical trial of buprenorphine/naloxone treatment with or without atomoxetine completed the Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices, Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure test, Digit Span, Trail Making and Symbol Digit Substitution tasks. Multidimensional scaling and a K-means cluster analyses were conducted to classify participants into lower versus higher cognitive performance groups. Subsequently, analyses of variance procedures were conducted to evaluate between group differences on drug use history and demographics. Two clusters of individuals with distinct profiles of cognitive performance were identified. The age of ATS use initiation, controlling for the overall duration of drug use, was significantly earlier in the lower than in the higher cognitive performance cluster: 20.9 (95% CI: 18.0 – 23.8) versus 25.2 (95% CI: 22.4 – 28.0, p = 0.038). While adverse effects of ATS use on cognitive functioning can be particularly pronounced with younger age, potentially related to greater vulnerability of the developing brain to stimulant and/or neurotoxic effects of these drugs, the current study findings cannot preclude lowered cognitive performance before initiation of ATS use.

show abstract

“…The CPT has also been found to have adequate test-retest reliability across a range of time spans (time elapsed = 4.8 months, r s = .65 to .74; time elapsed = one week, rs = .74 to .87; time elapsed = 90 minutes, rs = .70 to .87) and adequate split-half reliability ( r s = .67 to .92) comparing performance on the 1 st and 4 th quarter blocks of the task to performance on the 2 nd and 3 rd blocks of the task (Halperin, Sharma, Greenblatt, & Schwartz, 1991; Leark, Wallace, & Fitzgerald, 2004). However, despite the adequate psychometric properties of the test and almost ubiquitous findings of abnormal performance by children with ADHD on CPTs, its utility as a primary diagnostic tool is weak (Nigg, Hinshaw, & Halperin, 1996) and its negative predictive power is low (Grodzinsky & Barkley, 1999).…”

Section: Continuous Performance Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-method assessment of ADHD characteristics in preschool children: Relations between measures

Sims

Lonigan

2012

Early Childhood Research Quarterly

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Several forms of assessment tools, including behavioral rating scales and objective tests such as the Continuous Performance Test (CPT), can be used to measure inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive behaviors associated with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, research with school-age children has shown that the correlations between parent ratings, teacher ratings, and scores on objective measures of ADHD-characteristic behaviors are modest at best. In this study, we examined the relations between parent and teacher ratings of ADHD and CPT scores in a sample of 65 preschoolers ranging from 50 to 72 months of age. No significant associations between teacher and parent ratings of ADHD were found. Parent-ratings of both inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity accounted for variance in CPT omission errors but not CPT commission errors. Teacher ratings showed evidence of convergent and discriminant validity when entered simultaneously in a hierarchical regression. These tools may be measuring different aspects of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity.

show abstract

Test-Retest Reliability and Standard Error of Measurement for the Test of Variables of Attention (T.O.V.A.) With Healthy School-Age Children

Cited by 30 publications

References 6 publications

Evaluating vigilance deficits in ADHD: A meta-analysis of CPT performance.

Evaluating vigilance deficits in ADHD: A meta-analysis of CPT performance.

Early Initiation of Amphetamine-Type Stimulants (ATS) Use Associated with Lowered Cognitive Performance among Individuals with Co-Occurring Opioid and ATS Use Disorders in Malaysia

Multi-method assessment of ADHD characteristics in preschool children: Relations between measures

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About