Testing and evaluation of wearable electronic textiles and assessment thereof

Stoppa, Matteo; Chiolerio, Alessandro

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-100570-5.00005-0

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…[85,86] Researchers mainly prepare fabric EP electrodes according to the different hierarchical structure of e-textiles. First, an external conductive coating is used to make changes directly to the fabric substrate; the other structure is the preparation of conductive fibers or yarns to knit a predetermined pattern to form a conductive fabric [36,[87][88][89].…”

Section: E-textile Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Adhesive Flexible Electrodes and Their Manufacture: A Review

Xiao

Wang

et al. 2021

Micromachines

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All human activity is associated with the generation of electrical signals. These signals are collectively referred to as electrical physiology (EP) signals (e.g., electrocardiogram, electroencephalogram, electromyography, electrooculography, etc.), which can be recorded by electrodes. EP electrodes are not only widely used in the study of primary diseases and clinical practice, but also have potential applications in wearable electronics, human–computer interface, and intelligent robots. Various technologies are required to achieve such goals. Among these technologies, adhesion and stretchable electrode technology is a key component for rapid development of high-performance sensors. In last decade, remarkable efforts have been made in the development of flexible and high-adhesive EP recording systems and preparation technologies. Regarding these advancements, this review outlines the design strategies and related materials for flexible and adhesive EP electrodes, and briefly summarizes their related manufacturing techniques.

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Section: E-textile Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Adhesive Flexible Electrodes and Their Manufacture: A Review

Xiao

Wang

et al. 2021

Micromachines

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“…While several reviews related to wearable technologies have been published since the beginning of the 21st century, their foci differed from the aim of the present review (e.g., a broad summary and overview [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18]; applications and/or end-use—for example, tennis [19], medical care [20], electrocardiographic monitoring [21], neurobiological rehabilitation [22], gait recognition [23], a smart textile suit [24], flexible lithium batteries [25], motion sensors [26], and human activity monitoring [27]; properties of functionalizing substances, including electrically-conductive polymers [28,29,30] and carbon-based materials [31,32,33,34]; processes for functionalizing, such as e-broidery [35]; and methods to determine performance properties [36,37,38]). Each of these reviews is written from a perspective other than fabrics.…”

Section: The Review In Context—purpose Scope a Focus On Fabricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect and conditions of storage require consideration. Changes in electrical properties over time are difficult to estimate and depend on the conditions of storage, including temperature, relative humidity, and light [36,184]. Consistency in performance over time is essential for multiple-use and single-use products because of reuse, unknown shelf life, and logistics prior to use.…”

Section: Properties Of Fabrics Functionalized For Electrical Condumentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrics and Garments as Sensors: A Research Update

Wilson

Laing

2019

Sensors

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Properties critical to the structure of apparel and apparel fabrics (thermal and moisture transfer, elasticity, and flexural rigidity), those related to performance (durability to abrasion, cleaning, and storage), and environmental effects have not been consistently addressed in the research on fabric sensors designed to interact with the human body. These fabric properties need to be acceptable for functionalized fabrics to be effectively used in apparel. Measures of performance such as electrical conductivity, impedance, and/or capacitance have been quantified. That the apparel/human body system involves continuous transient conditions needs to be taken into account when considering performance. This review highlights gaps concerning fabric-related aspects for functionalized apparel and includes information on increasing the inclusion of such aspects. A multidisciplinary approach including experts in chemistry, electronics, textiles, and standard test methods, and the intended end use is key to widespread development and adoption.

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“…Wearable electronics have different applications such as wearable energy-storage devices [1,2] and wearable medical textile [3,4]. Wearable health monitoring garments can help sustainability by reducing hospital costs and increasing patient 's life quality, however, some technical problems still prevent commercialization and widespread use of medical garments, such as recording low quality body signals when using dry textile electrodes [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface modification of textile electrodes to improve electrocardiography signals in wearable smart garment

Soroudi

Hernández

Wipenmyr

et al. 2019

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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Recording high quality biosignals by dry textile electrodes is a common challenge in medical health monitoring garments. The aim of this study was to improve skin-electrode interface and enhance the quality of recorded electrocardiography (ECG) signals by modification of textile electrodes embedded in WearItMed smart garment. The garment has been developed for long-term health monitoring in patients suffering from epilepsy and Parkinson's disease. A skin-friendly electro-conductive elastic paste was formulated to coat and modify the surface of the knitted textile electrodes. The modifications improved the surface characteristics of the electrodes by promoting a more effective contact area between skin and electrode owing to a more even surface, fewer pores, greater surface stability against touch, and introduction of humidity barrier properties. The modifications decreased the skin-electrode contact impedance, and consequently improved the recorded ECG signals obviously when low pressure was applied to the electrodes, therefore contributed to greater patient comfort. The created contact surface allowed the natural humidity of the skin/sweat to ease the signal transfer between the electrode and the body, while introducing a shorter settling time and retaining moisture over a longer time. Microscopic images, ECG signal measurements, electrode-skin contact impedance at different pressures and times, and water absorbency were measured and reported.

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Testing and evaluation of wearable electronic textiles and assessment thereof

Cited by 12 publications

References 89 publications

High-Adhesive Flexible Electrodes and Their Manufacture: A Review

High-Adhesive Flexible Electrodes and Their Manufacture: A Review

Fabrics and Garments as Sensors: A Research Update

Surface modification of textile electrodes to improve electrocardiography signals in wearable smart garment

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