Testing for Antibodies to &lt;i&gt;Brucella abortus&lt;/i&gt; in Milk From Consumers and Market Agents in Kenya Using Milk Ring Test and Enzyme Immunoassay

Kang’ethe, Erastus K.; Arimi, S.M.; Omore, Amos O.; McDermott, John J.; Nduhiu, JG; Macharia, James; Githua, A.M.

doi:10.4314/kenvet.v27i1.39553

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Our result was higher than those recorded by Kang'ethe et al (2004), Bertu et al (2010 and Ior and Chukwu (2015), whom reported that 3.9%, 12% and 12.5% of their samples, were positive respectively. In the contrary, Abd El Hamid (2008) reported that all market milk samples were negative to MRT.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 74%

Occurrence of Brucella in Milk and Cream

El-Kholy

Meshref

Hamed³

et al. 2017

Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal

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A total of 200 samples (100 Farmer raw cow's milk, 60 market milk and 40 fresh cream) were collected from individual farmers, different dairy shops and milk separation centers distributed through Beni-Seuf and El-Minia cities, Egypt. The milk samples were subjected to serological test for detection of Brucella antibodies, using Milk ring test (MRT), Whey Buffered acidified plate antigen test (wBAPAT) and Whey Rose Bengal plate test (wRBPT). Out of 100 farmers milk samples examined by MRT. 30%, 7% and 63% were positive, suspicious and negative respectively. Also, 44% and 42% of these samples were positive for wBAPAT and wRBPT, respectively. On the other hand, Out of 60 market milk samples examined by MRT. 23.3%, 8.4% and 68.3% were positive, suspicious and negative, respectively, while 53.4% and 48.4% were positive for wBAPAT and wRBPT, respectively. All samples were examined bacteriologically for presence of Brucella organisms. The prevalence of Brucella species in farmers milk, market milk and cream samples were 28%, 60% and 32.5%, respectively. All isolates were typed as Brucella melitensis biovar 3. The public health significance and suggestive control measures were discussed.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 74%

Occurrence of Brucella in Milk and Cream

El-Kholy

Meshref

Hamed³

et al. 2017

Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal

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“…A study done by Chota et al ( 2016 ) in West Pokot, an ASAL area as well, reported milk antibody positivities of 21.9% and 21.2% in the years 2012 and 2014 using the milk ring test. Other lower values have been reported in other parts of Kenya with different climatic conditions (Kang’ethe et al 2004 ; Kang’ethe et al 2007 ). Our study demonstrated considerable levels of exposure to Brucella spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Detection of Brucella spp. in raw milk from various livestock species raised under pastoral production systems in Isiolo and Marsabit Counties, northern Kenya

Wainaina

Aboge

Omwenga

et al. 2020

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Introduction Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease in Kenya, and identifying the bacteria in milk is important in assessing the risk of exposure in people. Methods A cross-sectional study that involved 175 households was implemented in the pastoral counties of Marsabit and Isiolo in Kenya. Pooled milk samples (n = 164) were collected at the household level, and another 372 were collected from domesticated lactating animals (312 goats, 7 sheep, 50 cattle and 3 camels). Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) testing of the milk samples was performed to identify Brucella species. Brucella anti-LPS IgG antibodies were also detected in bovine milk samples using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Based on the qPCR, the prevalence of the pathogen at the animal level (considering samples from individual animals) was 2.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1–4.5) and 3.0% (CI: 1.0–7.0) in pooled samples. All 14 samples found positive by qPCR were from goats, with 10 contaminated with B. abortus and 4 with B. melitensis. The Brucella spp. antibody prevalence in bovine milk using the milk ELISA was 26.0% (95% CI: 14.6–40.3) in individual animal samples and 46.3% (95% CI: 30.7–62.6) in pooled samples. Conclusion The study is the first in Kenya to test for Brucella spp. directly from milk using qPCR without culturing for the bacteria. It also detected B. abortus in goats, suggesting transmission of brucellosis between cattle and goats. The high prevalence of Brucella spp. is a significant public health risk, and there is a need for intervention strategies necessary in the study area.

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“…Various Brucella species had been detected in livestock raised in different farming systems in Kenya, and also in humans through serological tests ( Table 2 ). Antibodies of B. abortus had been detected in bovine milk through milk ring tests and Elisa test ( Kang’ethe et al, 2004 ). According to a recent review by Njeru et al (2016) , B. abortus and B. melitensis had been isolated in cattle and humans and B. suis in rodents.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge of pastoralists on livestock diseases and exposure assessment to brucellosis within rural and peri-urban areas in Kajiado, Kenya

et al. 2019

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Background: Livestock diseases impact the livelihoods of pastoralists. Brucellosis, a neglected zoonotic disease is highly prevalent in this system with an estimated 16% of livestock population in sub-Saharan Africa infected with the disease. The objective of this study was to assess knowledge of livestock diseases and the risk of exposure to brucellosis among pastoralists living in Kajiado County of Kenya. Methods: The study sites included pastoralist communities living in rural and peri-urban areas within the County. Both primary and secondary data were collected using participatory methods including pairwise ranking, proportional piling and probing and a review of the published literature. Exposure risk assessment was conducted according to the CODEX Alimentarius framework: Hazard identification, hazard characterization, exposure assessment and risk estimation. Results: According to pastoralists, livestock diseases that frequently occurred in their flocks and herds were contagious caprine pleuropneumonia, lumpy skin disease and foot and mouth disease; but zoonoses, including anthrax and brucellosis, were also mentioned during focus group discussions. Potential pathways of exposure to brucellosis and other zoonoses included consumption of unpasteurized milk, handling infected aborted materials without protective measures and consumption of raw meat and raw blood. Consumption of unpasteurized milk and handling infected aborted materials without protectives were linked with high risk of exposure to household members living in rural areas, with the risk level within the peri-urban areas ranked very low to low for most of these risk practices. Conclusions: The results call for enhanced public education targeting vulnerable groups to mitigate risks of disease spread and other impacts of brucellosis within the affected pastoralist production systems.

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Testing for Antibodies to <i>Brucella abortus</i> in Milk From Consumers and Market Agents in Kenya Using Milk Ring Test and Enzyme Immunoassay

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Occurrence of Brucella in Milk and Cream

Occurrence of Brucella in Milk and Cream

Detection of Brucella spp. in raw milk from various livestock species raised under pastoral production systems in Isiolo and Marsabit Counties, northern Kenya

Knowledge of pastoralists on livestock diseases and exposure assessment to brucellosis within rural and peri-urban areas in Kajiado, Kenya

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