Testis‐Specific Thioredoxins TXNDC2, TXNDC3, and TXNDC6 Are Expressed in Both Testicular and Systemic DLBCL and Correlate with Clinical Disease Presentation

Abstract

DLBCL is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma with a substantial group of patients suffering a poor prognosis. Therefore more specific markers are required for better understanding of disease biology and treatment. This study demonstrates that testis-specific antioxidant enzymes TXNDC2, TXNDC3, and TXNDC6 alongside oxidative stress marker 8-OHdG are expressed in both testicular and systemic DLBCL, and their presence or absence has correlations with clinical risk factors such as the number of extranodal effusion, the appearance of B-symptoms, and treatment response. Biopsy samples were collected from 28 systemic and 21 testicular male DLBCL patients. The samples were histostained with TXNDC2, TXNDC3, TXNDC6, and 8-OHdG, then graded by a hematopathologist blinded to clinical data. Immunoelectron microscopy was used as a second method to confirm the reliability of the acquired immunohistochemistry data. The absence of nuclear TXNDC2 expression in testicular DLBCL cells correlated with worse primary treatment response, cytoplasmic TXNDC3 expression in testicular and systemic DLBCL associated with lower frequency of B-symptoms, and TXNDC6 expression in cytoplasm in systemic DLBCL had a clinical significance with higher LD levels suggesting a role in the biological nature of these lymphomas. Overall, TXNDC3 cytoplasmic expression is correlated with a more positive outcome in both testicular and systemic DLBCL, while TXNDC6 cytoplasmic expression is associated with a negative outcome in systemic DLBCL.

High Thioredoxin Domain-Containing Protein 11 Expression Is Associated with Tumour Progression in Glioma

“…Several studies have investigated their role in cancer progression. For example, the expressions of TXNDC2, TXNDC3, and TXNDC6 have a significance in both testicular and systemic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma [22]. TXNDC5 is involved in protein folding and chaperone activity and is abnormally expressed in many cancers, such as non-small cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, gastric adenocarcinoma, colon cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma [23].…”

Different chemokine profile between systemic and testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

“…Mayer's hematoxylin (Reagena, Toivola, Finland) was used for counterstaining at the end, and then the slides were dehydrated and mounted with Histomount (National Diagnostics, Atlanta, GA, USA). Cell culture and western blotting was performed as described previously [15]. Three [Table 2 near here] Review and analyses were performed with a multi-head microscope by an experienced hematopathologist (HRT) with principal investigators (JS, RO), both blinded to the clinical data.…”