Testosterone, cortisol and alpha-amylase levels during a handball match; analysis of dynamics and associations

Foretić, Nikola; Николовски, Зоран; Perić, Irena; Sekulić, Damir

doi:10.1080/15438627.2020.1759069

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…As expected, stress marker values declined after the matches and training sessions. The decline in HR, AA, and C after different kinds of physical activity has been reported in previous studies [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. However, no study dealt with stress biomarker dynamics in sports coaches after stressful experiences.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Stress Levels in Handball Coaching–Case Study: Preliminary Analysis of the Differences between Training and Match

Foretić

Николовски

Marić

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Stress plays a significant role in competitions and in the training of sports participants, and coaches are no exception. To better cope with stressful situations, close monitoring of coaches’ stress levels before, during, and after training and competitions is recommended. According to studies, the use of cortisol (C) and alpha-amylase (AA) as biomarkers for monitoring acute stress is recommended. Therefore, the aim of our study was to compare HR, salivary C and AA, and STAI scores before, during, and after handball matches and training sessions. The study examined one professional handball coach, aged 37, in stress markers (salivary cortisol (C) and alpha-amylase (AA) concentrations), heart rate (HR), and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) scores in five matches/training sessions in the First Qatar Handball League. Statistical analysis included the calculation of descriptive statistic parameters, Mann–Whitney U test for differences between match–training time points, and the effect size analysis (Cohen’s d) to calculate the magnitude of differences between match–training time points. Presented markers (C and AA) had statistically stronger reactions before, during, and after the matches than the corresponding time points of the training sessions, similar to HR data and STAI scores. Results indicate that, before and during the matches, the analyzed markers of stress increased, which might lead to the conclusion that coaches are more anxious than frightened before and during matches. Thus, stress-coping strategies for handball coaches should be more focused on stress anticipation and anxiety control.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Stress Levels in Handball Coaching–Case Study: Preliminary Analysis of the Differences between Training and Match

Foretić

Николовски

Marić

et al. 2022

IJERPH

Self Cite

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“…sAA is highly sensitive to stress-related changes (Engert et al, 2011), and a relationship between intra-individual changes in sAA, and physical (Kivlighan and Granger, 2006) and psychological stressors exist (van Stegeren et al, 2008). Elevated levels of stress biomarkers, including sAA and cortisol, before and during a sports competition, have been shown to exert a negative impact on athletes' performance (Alix-Sy et al, 2008;Azarbayjani et al, 2011;Filaire et al, 2009Filaire et al, , 2013Foretic et al, 2020;Lautenbach et al, 2014). It has been proposed that cortisol may affect cognitive processes and attentional control or reinforce risky behaviors, which may lead to more mistakes (Lautenbach et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competitive anxiety or Coronavirus anxiety? The psychophysiological responses of professional football players after returning to competition during the COVID-19 pandemic

Mehrsafar

Zadeh

Sánchez

et al. 2021

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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“…This could be resultant from two factors, 1; reserves did not exert as much physical effort as starters due to reduced playing time, or 2: the reduced social status of being considered a reserve player. In male handball athletes, a large effect of the match was observed on testosterone and moderate effect for cortisol, but unfortunately the authors did not present the results in relation to the outcome of the match (Foretic et al, 2020 ). As such, separating the effect of match outcome from physical effort is difficult from these previous studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary hormone concentrations and technical-tactical performance indicators in beach volleyball: Preliminary evidence

Costa¹,

Domingos-Gomes²,

Lautenbach³

et al. 2022

Front. Sports Act. Living

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The present study aimed to investigate (i) differences in salivary testosterone and cortisol concentrations before, during, and after simulated beach volleyball match, depending on match outcome (winning vs. losing); (ii) the relationship between technical-tactical performance indicators in beach volleyball and salivary hormonal concentrations (i.e., testosterone, cortisol). We hypothesized (i) salivary testosterone concentrations would be greater in winners and salivary cortisol would be lower; (ii) testosterone would associate with positive technical-tactical performance and cortisol would associate with negative technical-tactical performance. Sixteen athletes participated in the study and were grouped according to the result of a simulated game (winners: n = 8; losers: n = 8). Salivary hormone concentration of testosterone and cortisol were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (pre-match, post first set, and post-match), and the coefficient of performance and efficiency were used as technical-tactical performance indicators. Regarding testosterone, there was a large effect size for match outcome after the first set (i.e., Winner vs. Losers) and a moderate effect size for the time in winners (pre-match vs. post-match). Regarding cortisol, there was a moderate effect size of time in losers only (pre-match vs. post-match). Moreover, cortisol pre-match was negatively correlated with the offensive performance (attack performance coefficient: r = −0.541; p = 0.030; attack efficiency: r = −0.568; p = 0.022). In conclusion, the effect of match outcome on testosterone and cortisol levels was moderate in winners and losers, respectively. Moreover, resting cortisol concentration appears to be related to a diminished attack technical-tactical performance. However, larger confirmatory studies are required to confirm these data to corroborate winning increases testosterone levels and/or reduces cortisol in a sporting setting.

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Testosterone, cortisol and alpha-amylase levels during a handball match; analysis of dynamics and associations

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

Stress Levels in Handball Coaching–Case Study: Preliminary Analysis of the Differences between Training and Match

Stress Levels in Handball Coaching–Case Study: Preliminary Analysis of the Differences between Training and Match

Competitive anxiety or Coronavirus anxiety? The psychophysiological responses of professional football players after returning to competition during the COVID-19 pandemic

Salivary hormone concentrations and technical-tactical performance indicators in beach volleyball: Preliminary evidence

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