Testosterone Treatment In Hypogonadal Men: Prostate-Specific Antigen Level And Risk Of Prostate Cancer

Guay, André T.; Perez, Jesús B.; Fitaihi, Walid A.; Vereb, Margaret

doi:10.4158/ep.6.2.132

Cited by 51 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…If exposure to high levels of BPA suppresses their serum levels of PSA, this may result in a misdiagnosis. This problem is similar to the under-detection of PCa in hypogonadal men because of the androgen dependency of PSA [45], [46], [47]. The inhibitory effect of BPA may be indirect, acting through the hypothalamic pituitary testicular axis [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Exposure to Bisphenol A Correlates with Early-Onset Prostate Cancer and Promotes Centrosome Amplification and Anchorage-Independent Growth In Vitro

Ying²,

et al. 2014

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Human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) is ubiquitous. Animal studies found that BPA contributes to development of prostate cancer, but human data are scarce. Our study examined the association between urinary BPA levels and Prostate cancer and assessed the effects of BPA on induction of centrosome abnormalities as an underlying mechanism promoting prostate carcinogenesis. The study, involving 60 urology patients, found higher levels of urinary BPA (creatinine-adjusted) in Prostate cancer patients (5.74 µg/g [95% CI; 2.63, 12.51]) than in non-Prostate cancer patients (1.43 µg/g [95% CI; 0.70, 2.88]) (p = 0.012). The difference was even more significant in patients <65 years old. A trend toward a negative association between urinary BPA and serum PSA was observed in Prostate cancer patients but not in non-Prostate cancer patients. In vitro studies examined centrosomal abnormalities, microtubule nucleation, and anchorage-independent growth in four Prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP, C4-2, 22Rv1, PC-3) and two immortalized normal prostate epithelial cell lines (NPrEC and RWPE-1). Exposure to low doses (0.01–100 nM) of BPA increased the percentage of cells with centrosome amplification two- to eight-fold. Dose responses either peaked or reached the plateaus with 0.1 nM BPA exposure. This low dose also promoted microtubule nucleation and regrowth at centrosomes in RWPE-1 and enhanced anchorage-independent growth in C4-2. These findings suggest that urinary BPA level is an independent prognostic marker in Prostate cancer and that BPA exposure may lower serum PSA levels in Prostate cancer patients. Moreover, disruption of the centrosome duplication cycle by low-dose BPA may contribute to neoplastic transformation of the prostate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Exposure to Bisphenol A Correlates with Early-Onset Prostate Cancer and Promotes Centrosome Amplification and Anchorage-Independent Growth In Vitro

Ying²,

et al. 2014

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“…Thus, determining the PSA level before and after testosterone therapy is recommended. Any elevation in the PSA level after testosterone therapy should prompt performance of a urologic evaluation for possible prostate biopsy [11]. Others have reported that the PSA level remains stable after normalization of the testosterone level and that the incidence of prostate cancer among men with low-onset hypogonadism who are receiving testosterone replacement therapy is no greater than in the general population [11,12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is There an Association Between Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen Values and Serum Testosterone Levels in Healthy Men?

Mustafa

Horuz²,

Celik³

et al. 2014

Korean J Urol

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PurposeTo evaluate the relationship between levels of total testosterone and total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in healthy men with PSA<4 ng/mL.Materials and MethodsThe study comprised 179 men with a mean age of 59.19±12 years who visited Osmaniye State Hospital, Osmaniye, Turkey, between January 2006 and January 2007 for a routine checkup. The patients were divided into two subgroups: patients with PSA<2.5 mg/ml (group I, n=160 patients) and patients with PSA of 2.5 to 4 ng/mL (group II, n=19 patients). The relationship between PSA and testosterone levels was investigated in both groups and in patients aged <60 years. The mean testosterone level was calculated for patients aged <50 years and was compared with the mean value of patients aged ≥50 years.ResultsIn all patients, the mean values for serum PSA and total testosterone were 1.27±0.88 ng/mL and 404.04±158.86 ng/mL, respectively. No correlation was detected between serum PSA and testosterone levels in either subgroup (group I, r=0.072, p=0.363; group II, r=0.031, p=0.900) or in patients aged <60 years (r=0.032, p=0.72). The mean values of testosterone in patients aged ≥50 years and in patients aged <50 years were 417.01±163.35 and 344.16±120.21 ng/dL, respectively (p=0.02).ConclusionsNo impact of testosterone was found on the PSA level in healthy men with PSA <4 ng/mL. Therefore, a high serum testosterone level may not mandate adjustment of PSA values. This serum sex hormone showed a significant increment after the age of 50 years. Further studies including a larger number of patients should be carried out to confirm these findings.

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“…Though most studies are small or lack long-term follow-up, the general consensus seems to be that there is no demonstrable increase in the risk of new diagnosis, progression, or recurrence of prostate cancer in TRT patients [8,[64][65][66][67]. Feneley and Raynaud in their studies both showed no increased incidence of prostate cancer, though Raynaud notes his study was mostly in younger men and cannot be generalized to aging men [19•, 58••].…”

Section: Trt On Developing Newly Diagnosed Prostate Cancer In Previoumentioning

confidence: 96%

Update on Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Hypogonadal Men

2015

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Late-onset male hypogonadism has long been recognized as a treatable medical condition; however, misconceptions about the use of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) have often led urologists away from its more mainstream use. This paper aims to bring the reader up-to-date on the current understanding of TRT, starting with when and who to treat. Various formulations of TRT, each with its own risks and benefits, are also detailed. Finally, a comprehensive analysis of the current literature's views into the various controversies of TRT including its impact on prostate health, sexual health, cardiovascular health, frailty, and mood is discussed.

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Testosterone Treatment In Hypogonadal Men: Prostate-Specific Antigen Level And Risk Of Prostate Cancer

Cited by 51 publications

References 18 publications

Exposure to Bisphenol A Correlates with Early-Onset Prostate Cancer and Promotes Centrosome Amplification and Anchorage-Independent Growth In Vitro

Exposure to Bisphenol A Correlates with Early-Onset Prostate Cancer and Promotes Centrosome Amplification and Anchorage-Independent Growth In Vitro

Is There an Association Between Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen Values and Serum Testosterone Levels in Healthy Men?

Update on Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Hypogonadal Men

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