Tests for Density-Dependent Parasitism of Nematodes by Nematode-Trapping and Endoparasitic Fungi

Jaffee, B. A.; Tedford, E. C.; Muldoon, A. E.

doi:10.1006/bcon.1993.1043

Cited by 39 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Nematophagous fungi with a high saprophytic ability (mainly species forming adhesive networks) have a more complex relationship with nematodes. Jaffee et al [10] did not find a positive correlation between nematodes and nematode‐trapping fungi forming adhesive networks and branches in microcosm experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…A high nematode density is favourable for both the endoparasitic fungi and the nematode‐trapping fungi forming constricting rings and adhesive knobs [9]. A density dependent relationship has been found between nematodes and endoparasitic fungi, as well as between nematodes and fungi forming constricting rings and adhesive knobs in microcosm experiments [10]. Nematophagous fungi with a high saprophytic ability (mainly species forming adhesive networks) have a more complex relationship with nematodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Nematophagous fungi in the rhizosphere of agricultural crops

Persmark

Jansson

2006

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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In a field experiment the rhizosphere effect of barley, pea and white mustard on the nematode‐trapping fungi were investigated throughout a growing season. The densities of nematode‐trapping fungi were slightly increased in the rhizospheres compared to the root‐free soil. Pea rhizosphere had the greatest numbers of species of nematophagous fungi with an average of 2.4 species recovered from 0.1 g material, and in white mustard and barley rhizospheres and root‐free soil less than 1.7 species were recovered from 0.1 g. Arthrobotrys oligospora was the most common species in both soil and rhizosphere. In a pot experiment the rhizosphere effect of pea and barley on nematophagous fungi was investigated in 5 different agricultural soils. Pea rhizosphere increased the densities of nematode‐trapping fungi, and up to 780 propagules of nematode‐trapping fungi g−1 rhizosphere soil were found, which was around 19 times higher than in the root‐free soil. The number of nematodes were 6–290 times higher in the pea rhizosphere than in the root‐free soil. Barley rhizosphere had little effect on the densities of nematode‐trapping fungi, while the number of nematodes increased by 3–13 times. The most commonly detected species were A. oligospora, Stylopage sp. and network‐forming Monacrosporium species, but there were no big differences in the species composition between the rhizosphere and the root‐free soil.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Nematophagous fungi in the rhizosphere of agricultural crops

Persmark

Jansson

2006

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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“…that they capture animals to obtain supplemental nitrogen in nitrogen-poor environments. Recent experimentation, however, indicates that the probability of being trapped by some species of trapping fungi does vary with nematode density (Gray, 1984(Gray, , 1987Jaffee et al, 1993).…”

Section: Nematode Pestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Density‐dependent parasitism in biological control of soil‐borne insects, nematodes, fungi and bacteria

Jaffee

1993

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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Temporal density-dependent parasitism appears to explain the development of some pest-and pathogen-suppressive soils. In many examples, an enrichment of hosts (soil-borne pests or pathogens) precedes and supports a build up of beneficial parasites in perennial crops or in monocultures, and the population dynamics of hosts and parasites may be described in epidemiological terms.Although the examples support the concept of a balance of nature based on density-dependent regulation, we lack detailed understanding of the processes that drive these beneficial epidemics. In addition, the epidemics develop slowly and often do not provide the control expected by farmers. Current research, therefore, emphasizes inundative release of beneficial agents. Nevertheless, we should study epidemics in soil in order to learn how they might be enhanced; to learn how better to utilize inoculum that is inundatively added to soil; and to contribute to the general discussion of population biology and regulation.

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“…Our results also showed this temporal densitiy-dependent relationship between H. minnesotensis and SCN. However, the previous studies showed that H. minnesotensis and H. rhossiliensis are both active in parasitising living nematodes as nutrition for their reproduction in soil condition (Jaffee et al, 1993;. This could be responsible for the higher DNA amount of H. minnesotensis in Hm+SCN treated soil compared with Hm alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Population dynamics and biocontrol efficacy of the nematophagous fungus Hirsutella minnesotensis in pot assay

Liu

Zhu

Hamid

et al. 2016

Nematol

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Monitoring the population dynamics of a biocontrol agent and its target pest in soil is fundamental to the understanding of the mechanisms of biocontrol. In this study, the population dynamics and the control efficacy ofHirsutella minnesotensisagainst soybean cyst nematode (SCN)Heterodera glycineswas studied using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), confocal laser scanning microscopy and bioassay in sterilised soil. The qPCR test revealed that the amount of DNA was 1.12 × 107fg (g soil)−1after inoculation, subsequently decreased rapidly until 28 days (1.34 × 104-1.51 × 104fg (g soil)−1), then remained constant in SCN-free soil. While it decreased rapidly up to 14 days (around 1.40 × 104fg (g soil)−1), it then varied with the population changes of SCN over time. The amount ofH. minnesotensisDNA was highest in the rhizosphere soil with bothH. minnesotensisand SCN incubation. The percentage of nematodes parasitised was positively correlated with the amount ofH. minnesotensisDNA in soil with soybean. Microscopic observations indicated thatH. minnesotensiscould colonise the surface of soybean roots. In addition,H. minnesotensisinoculation significantly improved the biomass of soybean. Therefore, the rhizosphere colonisation, relationship between SCN parasitism and fungal density, and growth promotion of soybean supportH. minnesotensisas a potential biocontrol agent.

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Tests for Density-Dependent Parasitism of Nematodes by Nematode-Trapping and Endoparasitic Fungi

Cited by 39 publications

References 0 publications

Nematophagous fungi in the rhizosphere of agricultural crops

Nematophagous fungi in the rhizosphere of agricultural crops

Density‐dependent parasitism in biological control of soil‐borne insects, nematodes, fungi and bacteria

Population dynamics and biocontrol efficacy of the nematophagous fungus Hirsutella minnesotensis in pot assay

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