Tests of Tri-Axial HTS Cables

Gouge, M.J.; Lindsay, D.; Demko, J. A.; Duckworth, R. C.; Ellis, A.R.; Fisher, P.W.; James, D. R.; Lue, J.W.; Roden, M.; Sauers, I.; Tolbert, J.C.; Træholt, Chresten; Willen, D.

doi:10.1109/tasc.2005.849304

Cited by 37 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Thus one common copper shield was used to carry neutral currents. The first full-scale prototype of the Triax design was built and tested at Ultera's development partner Oak Ridge National Lab (ORNL) in 2002 [8]. The triaxial conductor design is shown in Fig.…”

Section: A Hts Triaxial Cables Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance analysis of HTS cables with variable load demand

Al-Khalidi¹,

Hadbah

Kalam

2011

2011 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies

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Currently, most of the transmission line infrastructure are being considered for an overhaul due to aging, detrition and overloaded. In light of this, the authors believe it is a good time for investing in a new technology so that the network can truly meet most of the challenges.High Temperature Superconductive (HTS) cable has a unique characteristic of low impedance to current flow. Unlike conventional power cables, HTS cable offers higher power transfer with minimum losses and more compact design of power applications yet better power flow absorption in the networks at the same voltage levels.In attempts to closely study the effect of HTS cable on power networks, several pilot projects have been carried out around the world. Promising results are achieved in terms of cable capacity and reliability. However, the big challenge of this technology is the high cost of superconductive materials in addition to the cost associated with cooling the cable, which is required at its normal operation temperature (-208ºC for present HTS cables). A new cable was developed by Ultera, utilises the cryogenic electrical insulator, together with high-reliable cable cooling technology that aims at a long service life, have significantly reduced the cost of HTS cable technology. The future will witness further reduction in the cost of HTS cable, certainly when industry scale production commences. This paper will present the technology in HTS cable and its anticipated effects on power transmission networks.For the last few decades power transmission for long distance was only possible with extra high voltage. However the transmission network required huge investment in high voltage equipment and switch-gear, yet it came with big electrical transmission losses. Fast growing cities and deregulation of the electrical sector in many countries around the world resulted in overwhelming demand for more power [1]. So far, the focus of the Australian electricity market has been narrowed onto the generation part of the power network, directing much of power investment into the new way of generation and renewable energy technology. This leaves the transmission part of the network with the burden of ageing and overloading to face reliability challenges in spite of this HTS cables have the potential for increasing power transmission capacity. Therefore, by transferring a larger amount of generated power that normally is lost in conventional power transmission cables, less generation is then required for the existing load [2]. Subsequent section of this paper describes in detail the obtained results from the load flow analysis performed on the hybrid sub-model, where four lengths This work was supported in part by Energy Safe Victoria. H. Al-Khalidi is with Sp-Ausnet, of HTS cable are employed in conjunction with the conventional Cross Linked Polyethylene (XLPE) cable. The employment enabled a comparison to be drawn on the performance and impact of the HTS cable on a local Victorian distribution company Citipower network. West Melbourne Terminati...

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Section: A Hts Triaxial Cables Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1. Triaxial HTS Cable Design, 10-72kV [8] This design was a big milestone towards reducing HTS cables system costs and achieving a commercially viable product. The major breakthrough of the Triax design was tackling specifically the two major cost components in a superconducting cable system: HTS wires and refrigeration.…”

Section: A Hts Triaxial Cables Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance analysis of HTS cables with variable load demand

Al-Khalidi¹,

Hadbah

Kalam

2011

2011 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies

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“…Cryoflex™ is a proprietary dielectric used in high temperature superconducting cables [6,7]. The cable is insulated using 25.4-mm wide tape with spacing (referred to as butt-gaps) between the tapes.…”

Section: Model Cablementioning

confidence: 99%

Very Low Frequency Breakdown Properties of Electrical Insulation Materials at Cryogenic Temperatures

Sauers¹,

Tuncer²,

Polizos³

et al. 2010

AIP Conference Proceedings

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For long cables or equipment with large capacitance it is not always possible to conduct high voltage withstand tests at 60 Hz due to limitations in charging currents of the power supply. Very low frequency (typically at a frequency of 0.1 Hz) has been used for conventional cables as a way of getting around the charging current limitation. For superconducting grid applications the same issues apply. However there is very little data at cryogenic temperatures on how materials perform at low frequency compared to 60 Hz and whether higher voltages should be applied when performing a high voltage acceptability test. Various materials including G10 (fiberglass reinforced plastic or FRP), Cryoflex™ (a tape insulation used in some high temperature superconducting cables), kapton (commonly used polyimide), polycarbonate, and polyetherimide, and in liquid nitrogen alone have been tested using a step method for frequencies of 60 Hz, 0.1 Hz, and dc. The dwell time at each step was chosen so that the aging factor would be the same in both the 60 Hz and 0.1 Hz tests. The data indicated that, while there is a small frequency dependence for liquid nitrogen, there are significant differences for the solid materials studied. Breakdown data for these materials and for model cables will be shown and discussed.

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“…[23]. Section 3 considers the optimization procedure and the optimized cable designs are presented in Section 4.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%